胰岛素对高糖培养的人系膜细胞表达SGK1及合成细胞外基质的影响

目的：研究胰岛素对高糖培养的人系膜细胞（HMC）血清和糖皮质激素诱导的蛋白激酶1(SGK1)的表达及细胞外基质（ECM）合成的影响，初步探讨其主要作用环节。方法:用含有5.5 mmol/L、25 mmol/L葡萄糖和100 nmol/L胰岛素的DMEM培养基培养HMC细胞，即为对照组（NG）、高糖组（HG）、胰岛素干预对照组（NI）和胰岛素干预高糖组（HI）。4 h后检测SGK1的表达、胰岛素受体底物（IRS1和IRS2）蛋白的表达及磷酸化水平；24 h后检测结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）和纤连蛋白（FN）的表达。结果:HG组、NI组和HI组SGK1蛋白表达均显著高于NG组（P<0.01），高糖主要导致IRS2蛋白表达及磷酸化水平的增高（P<0.01）。胰岛素干预后，HI组IRS1蛋白表达及磷酸化水平明显高于HG组（P<0.05），而IRS2蛋白表达及磷酸化水平出现部分抑制（P<0.05）。高糖促进CTGF和FN的表达，胰岛素加强高糖此作用。结论:胰岛素和高糖能够通过不同的分子途径促进体外肾小球系膜细胞SGK1的表达，并最终促进ECM的合成；胰岛素的这种作用与IRS1信号转导通路密切相关。

Effect of insulin on the SGK1 expression and extracellular matrix synthesis in human mesangial cells cultured in high glucose

AIM:To study the effect of insulin on the serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) expression and extracellular matrix synthesis in human glomerular mesangial cells (HMC) cultured in high glucose. METHODS:The HMCs were cultured in the presence of 5.5 or 25 mmol/L glucose with or without 100 nmol/L insulin (i.e. NG, HG, NI and HI groups). 4 h latter, expressions of SGK1, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1) and IRS2 in corresponding groups were detected by immunofluorescence or examined by Western blotting. The phosphorylation of IRS1 and IRS2 was measured by immunoprecipitation. 24 h latter, connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) and fibronectin (FN) were also examined by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS:Compared with NG, the SGK1 protein expression in HG, NI and HI groups was significantly higher (P<0.01). High glucose mainly caused IRS2 protein and its phosphorylation level increase (P<0.01). When treated with 100 nmol/L insulin, IRS1 protein and its phosphorylation in HI group apparently elevated while slight inhibition of IRS2 protein expression and its phosphorylation were observed (HI vs HG, P<0.05). High glucose enhanced the expression of CTGF and FN, and insulin strengthened this effect. CONCLUSION:Insulin and high glucose up-regulate the expression of SGK1 in mesangial cells through different target molecular pathways and ultimately enhance ECM synthesis. The effect of insulin is highly associated with IRS1 signaling cascades.