The Health Belief Model in predicting healthcare workers' intention for influenza vaccine uptake in Jordan |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Office of the WHO Representative, People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China;2. Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China;3. Office of the WHO Western Pacific Region, Manila, Philippines;1. Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Italy;2. School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK;3. Department of Sciences, Roma TRE University, Italy;1. The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;2. Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China;3. Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China;4. Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;5. Nursing Administration (Infection Control), Yishun Community Hospital, Singapore;6. Occupational Health Division, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam;7. PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam;8. NUS Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore;9. Health for Life Center, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital (KTPH), Singapore;1. Babes-Bolyai University, Department of Psychology, 37 Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, CJ 400015, Romania;2. Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany;1. Leuven University Vaccinology Center, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium;2. Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Belgium;3. Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Belgium;4. IDEWE Occupational Health Services, Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium;1. Centers for Disease Control, R.O.C. (Taiwan);2. Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University (Taiwan) |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundTheories of health behavior change are being inadequately adopted to understand the reasons behind low influenza vaccination rates among healthcare workers (HCWs). The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is being used to predict intention-behavior relationship while the Health Belief Model (HBM) is being employed to predict actual behavior. The purpose of this study was to test a conceptual model based on the HBM’s constructs to predict Jordanian HCWs’ intentions for influenza vaccine uptake as an alternative to the TPB.MethodA cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in 2016 in a tertiary teaching hospital in Amman-Jordan including a convenience sample of 477 HCWs with direct patient contact. The study instrument was tested for validity and reliability. A conceptual regression model was proposed incorporating the constructs of the primary HBM with some modifications in the threat construct as well as an additional variable about explicit past vaccination behavior (in the past year and/or any previous history of influenza vaccine uptake).ResultsAlmost all the constructs of the HBM demonstrated significant differences between participants intending and those who did not intend to vaccinate against influenza. After adjusting for the confounding variables in the final conceptual regression model, past vaccination behavior (OR= 4.50, 95%Confidence Interval 3.38–6.00, P< 0.0005) and the perceived benefit scale (OR= 1.19, 95% Confidence Interval 1.11–1.28, P< 0.0005) were the only significant predictors of intentions to vaccinate against influenza in the next season.ConclusionTaking into consideration the altruistic beliefs of HCWs and their explicit past vaccination history augments the utility of the original HBM tool in predicting HCWs’ intentions to vaccinate against influenza in a way that is consistent with the predictive ability of the Theory of Planned Behavior. |
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| Keywords: | Influenza vaccine Healthcare worker/ personnel Intention Health Belief Model Theory of Planned Behavior Jordan |
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