孕妇妊娠压力与产前焦虑、社会支持的关系

目的 探讨孕妇妊娠压力与产前焦虑的关系，以及领悟社会支持在其关系之间的作用。方法 2020年12月—2021年5月，采用便利抽样的方法，选取乌鲁木齐市某三甲医院孕妇750例，采用妊娠压力量表(PPS)，广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD - 7)，领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)进行调查。利用Bootstrap中介效应检验法检验各变量间的效应关系。结果 122人(16.2%)存在中度及以上的妊娠压力，372人(49.6%)存在轻度及以上的焦虑症状，446人(59.5%)处于领悟社会支持高水平。孕妇妊娠压力与社会支持负向关联(β = - 0.37，P＜0.01)，社会支持与焦虑负向关联(β = - 0.16，P＜0.01)；焦虑影响因素多元线性回归结果显示社会支持(β = - 0.174，95%CI.: - 0.062～ - 0.030)，妊娠压力(β = 0.534，95%CI.:3.749～4.705)均具有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；领悟社会支持水平在妊娠压力与产前焦虑间起部分中介作用，效应量为9.68%。结论 具有妊娠压力的孕妇可以通过领悟社会支持减少产前焦虑。

The relationship between pregnancy stress and prenatal anxiety and social support in pregnant women

Objective To explore the relationship between pregnancy stress and antenatal anxiety in pregnant women and to understand the role of social support in their relationship. Methods From December 2020 to May 2021, 750 pregnant women in a tertiary care hospital in Urumqi were selected using the Pregnancy Stress Scale (PPS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) using a convenience sampling method. The effect relationship between the variables was tested using Bootstrap’s mediated effects test. Results In total 122 (16.2%) had moderate or higher pregnancy stress, 372 (49.6%) had mild or higher anxiety symptoms, and 446 (59.5%) were at high levels of apprehended social support. Pregnancy stress was negatively associated with social support (β=-0.37, P<0.01) and social support was negatively associated with anxiety (β= -0.16, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression results of factors influencing anxiety showed social support (β=-0.174, 95%CI: -0.062 to -0.030) and pregnancy stress (β=0.534, 95%CI: 3.749 to 4.705) were statistically significant (P<0.01). Perceived social support partially mediated the relationship between pregnancy stress and prenatal anxiety, with an effect size of 9.68%. Conclusion Pregnant women with pregnancy stress can reduce prenatal anxiety by comprehending social support.