老年正常高值血压人群的社区护理干预研究

目的探讨60岁以上正常高值血压老年人群社区护理干预的效果,为社区建立有效的干预方案提供依据。方法整群随机抽取12个居委会60岁以上正常高值血压人员,干预组6个居民区筛选出研究对象398人,签订合作管理合同,建立正常高值血压者专档,实施健康教育、生活方式干预、心理干预、督促治疗相关病、定期血压监测、行为因素评估、年度健康体检等社区护理综合干预措施;对照组6个居民区筛选出研究对象401人,建立正常高值血压者专档,开展书面健康指导、发放健康教育资料、每季血压监测、年度健康体检等干预,干预期为30个月。结果行为变化、体检指标、血压值及高血压检出率干预组显著优于及低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论对社区老年正常高值血压人群实施系统的综合干预,可有效控制血压,降低心脑血管病的危险因素和高血压发病率。

Community nursing interventions for the elderly with prehypertension

Objective To investigate the effects of community nursing interventions on persons older than 60 years with prehypertension,and to provide an effective intervention plan for community nursing care. Methods Subjects 60 years and older with prehypertension were chosen from 12 communities and were divided into two groups: 398 persons from 6 communities were treated as the intervention group and 401 persons from the other 6 communities as the control group.For the intervention group,we signed ma-nagement contract with them,established personal profiles,and provided such measures as health education,life style intervention,psychological care,instructions in treatment of related diseases,regular BP monitoring,assessment of behavioral factors,and annual physical examination.For the control group,we developed personal profiles,provided written materials for health education,monitored BP quarterly,and provided annual physical examination.The intervention lasted for 30 months for both groups. Results Statistical differences were found in behavioral change,values of physical examination indexes,BP value,and detection rate of hypertension between the two groups(P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion Systematic and comprehensive community nursing interventions applied to elderly population with prehypertension can effectively control blood pressure,and reduce risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and incidence of hypertension.