黑龙江省讷河市土壤质量与绿色产地适宜性评价

基于东北黑土地1∶250 000土地质量地球化学调查数据，按照《土地质量地球化学评价规范》和《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准（试行）》，对讷河市土壤养分、土壤环境质量、土壤综合质量及绿色产地适宜性进行评价. 结果显示讷河市土地肥沃，环境清洁，适合于发展绿色农业：1）土壤养分单指标N、P、K、有机质、CaO、MgO、Fe₂O₃、S、B、Zn、Mn、Cu、Mo、Co、Ge、V共16项中，除Cu、Zn为较缺乏和Ge、B缺乏外，其他指标均为丰富和较丰富；土壤养分综合等级以较丰富和中等为主，分布面积分别为3 666.74 km²和2 574.11 km²，占全区面积的56.94%和39.97%. 2）土壤环境质量以一等（无风险）为主，一等区面积6 435.78 km²，占全区面积的99.94%；二等（风险可控）区面积仅4 km²，占0.06%. 3）全区土壤质量综合等级以优质为主，优质土壤面积3 806.06 km²，占全区面积的59.11%；良好级土壤面积2 574.11 km²，占39.97%；中等级土壤面积59.61 km²，占0.92%；没有四等（差等）和五等（劣等）土壤. 4）符合一级绿色食品产地的土壤面积为6 461.5 km²，占全区面积的97.5%；符合二级绿色食品产地的土壤面积为38.1 km²，占全区面积的0.58%；不符合绿色食品产地的土壤面积为65.6 km²，占全区面积的0.99%.

EVALUATION ON THE SOIL QUALITY AND SUITABILITY OF GREEN FOOD PRODUCING AREA IN NEHE CITY OF HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

Based on the 1∶250 000 land quality geochemical survey data of black land in Northeast China, the soil nutrients, soil environmental quality, comprehensive soil quality and suitability of green food producing area in Nehe City are evaluated according to the Soil Quality Geochemical Evaluation Standard and Soil Environmental Quality Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard (Trial). The results show that there is fertile land and clean environment in Nehe City, which is suitable for the development of green agriculture. Among the 16 indexes, including N, P, K, organic matter, CaO, MgO, Fe₂O₃, S, B, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo, Co, Ge and V, except Cu and Zn are relatively deficient, Ge and B deficient, the others are rich or relatively rich. The comprehensive soil nutrient grades are mainly rich and medium, with distribution areas of 3 666.74 km² and 2 574.11 km², accounting for 56.94% and 39.97% of the total area respectively. The soil environmental quality is dominated by Grade Ⅰ(risk free), covering an area of 6 435.78 km², accounting for 99.94% of the total; while the Grade Ⅱ(risk controllable)area is only 4 km², occupying 0.06%. The comprehensive soil quality is largely fine-grade soil, covering 3 806.06 km² and accounting for 59.11% of the total area, with the good-grade of 2 574.11 km²(39.97%)and medium-grade of 59.61 km²(0.92%), no poor- and inferior-grades soil. The soil area conforming to Grade-AA green food production area is 6 461.5 km², accounting for 97.5% of the total area, that conforming to Grade-A 38.1 km²(0.58%), and that does not meet the requirements is 65.6 km²(0.99%).