扩散加权成像及表观弥散系数在后颅窝实质型血管母细胞瘤鉴别诊断中的应用价值

目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)和表观弥散系数(ADC)在后颅窝实质型血管母细胞瘤诊断与鉴别诊断中的价值。方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的15例后颅窝实质型血管母细胞瘤和58例后颅窝其他实质型富血供肿瘤(包括脑膜瘤23例、髓母细胞瘤5例、听神经瘤8例、血管周细胞瘤4例、淋巴瘤5例、转移瘤9例、星形胶质细胞瘤3例、脉络丛乳头状瘤1例)患者的临床资料,所有患者均行横断位DWI成像,分别测量肿瘤实质病灶区及邻近正常小脑白质区域的平均ADC值,计算两者的比值即标准化ADC值。采用独立样本t检验对两组肿瘤的平均ADC值及标准化ADC值进行比较,使用受试者工作特性曲线(ROC)对标准化ADC值进行诊断效能分析。结果 15例后颅窝实质型血管母细胞瘤中,12例DWI呈低信号,3例呈等信号,ADC图呈等或高信号,平均ADC值为(1.881±0.445)×10 ^-3 mm ²/s,标准化ADC值为2.70±0.62;58例后颅窝其他实质型富血供肿瘤中,51例DWI呈高信号,3例呈等信号,4例呈低信号,平均ADC值为(0.771±0.202)×10 ^-3mm ²/s,标准化ADC值为1.17±0.33。两组肿瘤相比,后颅窝实质型血管母细胞瘤ADC值及标准化ADC值均明显高于后颅窝其他实质型富血供肿瘤,差异有统计学意义(t=9.419,P<0.001;t=9.184,P<0.001),标准化ADC值取1.89作为诊断后颅窝实质型血管母细胞瘤的阈值时,其敏感度及特异度分别为100%、96.6%,ROC曲线下面积为0.989。结论 ADC值及标准化ADC值在后颅窝实质型血管母细胞瘤与其他实质型富血供肿瘤鉴别诊断中具有重要价值。

Value of Diffusion-weighted Imaging and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in the Differential Diagnosis of Posterior Fossa Solid Hemangioblastoma

Objective To investigate the value of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of posterior fossa solid hemangioblastoma(PFSH). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 15 PFSH patients and 58 patients with other hypervascular tumors in the posterior fossa(the latter included 23 cases of meningioma,5 cases of medulloblastoma,8 cases of acoustic neuroma,4 cases of hemangiopericytoma,5 cases of lymphoma,9 cases of metastatic tumor,3 cases of astrocytoma,and 1 case of choroid plexus papilloma)confirmed by operation and pathology.All patients underwent axial DWI scans,and the mean ADC value of solid part of the tumors and the adjacent normal cerebellar white matter were measured,and then the normalized ADC was calculated.In addition,t test was used to compare the differences in mean ADC and normalized ADC between these two groups,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic performance of normalized ADC. Results Of all the 15 PFSH patients,DWI appeared hypointense in 12 patients and isointense in 3 patients;the signals on ADC maps were isointense or hyperintense;the mean ADC value of PFSHs was(1.881±0.445)×10 ^-3mm ²/s and the normalized ADC was 2.70±0.62.In contrast,in 58 patients with other tumors in the posterior fossa,DWI appeared hyperintense in 51 cases,isointense in 3 cases,and hypointense in 4 cases;the mean ADC value was(0.771±0.202)×10 ^-3 mm ²/s,and the normalized ADC was 1.17±0.33.Thus,the ADC value and normalized ADC value were significantly higher in PFSH than in other tumors in the posterior fossa(t=9.419,P<0.001;t=9.184,P<0.001).The cut-off value of the normalized ADC for the diagnosis of solid hemangioblastoma was 1.89,with the sensitivity and specificity being 100%and 96.6%respectively,and the area under the ROC curve was 0.989. Conclusion ADC and normalized ADC are valuable in the differential diagnosis of PFSH from other tumors with abundant blood supply.