基于 ERAS 理念的营养干预在口腔颌面恶性肿瘤患者中的应用效果

目的 探讨基于ERAS理念的营养干预在口腔颌面恶性肿瘤患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2019年 6月-2020年12月我院收治的57例口腔颌面恶性肿瘤患者作为观察组,将2018年1月-2019年5月在我院接受 手术治疗并康复出院的58例口腔颌面恶性肿瘤患者作为对照组。对照组给予围术期常规护理,观察组在对 照组的基础上应用加速康复外科（ERAS）理念进行营养筛查及个体化营养干预,比较两组术后不同时期 血清电解质、血清前蛋白、血清白蛋白、血红蛋白等营养指标及术后手术伤口、肺部、移植皮瓣等感染情 况、以及康复指标。结果 观察组术后营养指标优于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组术后伤口、肺部感染率低 于对照组,皮瓣成活情况优于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组术后平均输液时间、平均住院日、平均住院费用 均优于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 ERAS理念应用于口腔颌面恶性肿瘤患者围术期的营养干预措施中,可改 善患者预后,减低患者并发症发生率,提高皮瓣成活率,值得临床应用。

Application Effect of Nutritional Intervention Based on ERAS Concept in Patients with Oral and Maxillofacial Malignant Tumors

Objective To explore the application effect of nutritional intervention based on ERAS concept in patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors. Methods A total of 57 patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the observation group, and 58 patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors who underwent surgical treatment and were discharged from our hospital from January 2018 to May 2019 were selected as the control group. The control group was given perioperative routine nursing; on the basis of the control group, the observation group applied the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) for nutritional screening and individualized nutritional intervention. The nutritional indexes such as serum electrolyte, serum preprotein, serum albumin and hemoglobin at different periods after operation, the infection of surgical incision, lung and transplanted flap, and the rehabilitation indexes were compared between the two groups. Results The postoperative nutritional index of the observation group was better than that of the control group (P