老年患者术后神经认知障碍影响因素的研究进展

术后神经认知障碍是老年患者手术和麻醉后常出现的中枢神经系统并发症，是麻醉学和神经科学的研究热点。患者主要表现为认知功能衰减，可影响术后恢复，增加医疗负担。近年来，随着老年患者人数增多，术后神经认知障碍将成为一个严峻的临床及社会问题。本文旨在总结老年患者术后神经认知障碍相关影响因素，为临床和基础研究的实施提供参考，减少老年患者术后神经认知障碍的发生，减轻患者的医疗负担。

Progress in understanding of factors influencing postoperative neurocognitive disorders in elderly patients

Postoperative neurocognitive disorders, a class of common complications of the central nervous system occurring predominantly in elderly patients undergoing surgery and anesthesia, are the focus of research in anesthesiology and neuroscience. The most common clinical manifestation is decline of cognitive function, which prolongs postoperative recovery and increases the medical burden. In recent years, with the increase in the number of senile patients, postoperative neurocognitive disorders have become a serious clinical and social problem. This article aims to summarize the influencing factors of postoperative neurocognitive disorders in senile patients to provide a reference for future clinical and fundamental research, which will be helpful to reduce the occurrence of postoperative neurocognitive disorders and the medical burden of elderly patients.