陇县植烟土壤养分状况分析及综合评价

为探明陇县植烟土壤养分状况，基于野外采集的121 份土壤样品，运用经典统计方法、主成分分析数学原理分析了该区域土壤养分丰缺状况，并对该烟区土壤肥力进行了综合评价。结果表明：陇县烟区氮磷钾、有效镁养分含量比较丰富，有效锌、有机质、氯离子含量偏低，pH值偏高，并且土壤养分地区差异较大。土壤肥力指标主要分布于中级和较高2 个等级，其中新集川镇、曹家湾镇的土壤肥力指标较高。以土壤肥力指标为基础，可将陇县烟区分为3 类，第?类包括八渡镇、城关镇；第Ⅱ类包括东南镇、温水镇；第Ⅲ类包括曹家湾镇、天成镇、新集川镇。因此，应按照“控氮、稳磷钾、增碳、补微”的原则进行养分管理，适当增施氯肥、锌肥和有机肥，为烟叶产质量形成提供适宜的土壤养分状况。

Soil Nutrients Analyses and Comprehensive Evaluation on Soil Fertility in Longxian Tobacco-growing Areas

To investigate the nutrient status in tobacco planting soils in Longxian, 121 soil samples were collected, the abundance or deficiency condition of soil nutrients was analyzed by classics statistical approach and mathematical principle of principal component analysis, and soil comprehensive fertility was evaluated. The results showed that the contents of soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and available magnesium were rich, while the contents of available zinc, organic matter and chloride were at the low side, the pH value was at the high side, and soil nutrient contents varied much among areas in Longxian. The soil fertility indexes (SFI) in Longxian were mainly in middle and relatively high groups, Xinjichuan and Caojiawan had the highest SFI. Based on SFI, Longxian tobacco-growing areas could be classified into 3 groups. GroupⅢincluded Badu and Chengguan; group Ⅱ included Dongnan and Wenshui; group Ⅲ included Caojiawan, Tiancheng and Xinjichuan. Therefore, the soil nutrient management should be carried out according to'controlling N, firming P and K, increasing organic carbon, replenishing trace elements', and the application of chloride fertilizer, zinc fertilizer and organic manure should be properly increased, which could provide suitable nutrient environment for improving yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.