慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我管理能力及影响因素研究

目的调查慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我管理能力及影响因素。方法采用自我管理问卷对湖南省413例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者进行自我管理能力及影响因素调查。结果慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我管理水平得分为73～219(152.52±28.71)分。自我管理水平中等及以上者133例,占32.20%;自我管理水平低者280例,占67.80%;初中及以下文化程度、家庭人均月收入≤500元、全部自费、病程≤5年与低自我管理水平有关;高中或中专文化程度、家庭人均月收入501～1 500元、医疗费用部分报销、病程≥16年与中等及以上自我管理水平有关;男性对两者皆有影响。结论慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我管理水平不高,影响慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我管理水平的因素有性别、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、付费方式及病程。

Survey on self - management capability and its influencing factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of self - management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. Methods A total of 413 COPD patients in Hunan Province were investigated about their self - management capability and influencing factors. Results The scores of self - management capability ranged from 73 to 219, and the average score was 152.52 ± 28.71. There were 133 cases with middle and a- bove level,accounted for 32.20%. There were 280 cases with low level, accounted for 67.80%. The influencing factors of participants with lower self- management level were educational level of junior high school and lower, family income lower than 500 RMB per month, uninsured group, duration lower than 5 years. The influencing factom of participants with middle and above self - management levels were educational level of high school or technical secondary school, family income between 501 ~ 1 500 RMB per month,medical insurance group,duration upper than 16 years. The influencing factor in both of lower and middle self - management levels was the gender of male. Conclusion The self - management of patients with COPD should be improved and is influenced by gender, education levels, family income, payment manner of medical care and illness duration.