富士芽变系品种花粉形态初探

 用扫描电镜对富士和长富2号、福岛短枝富士、早熟富士、望山红等芽变系品种的花粉进行了形态观察。结果表明: 这些富士芽变系品种的花粉粒侧面观为长椭圆形, 极面观为三角形; 具3拟孔沟;花粉表面为条状纹饰, 有穿孔。‘福岛短枝富士’花粉粒大, 极轴长最长, 为42.25 μm; 赤道轴长为25.08μm, 略短于‘早熟富士’, 明显长于其它3个品种; ‘富士’的P /E值最大, 为1.75, 其次是‘长富2号’和‘望山红’, 分别为1.73和1.71, 三者明显大于‘早熟富士’的P /E值。P /E值可作为芽变品种鉴定的重要指标。每个品种的花粉纹饰各有特点, 可通过花粉的扫描电镜观察来鉴别以上的富士芽变系品种。

Preliminary Studies on Pollen Morphology of Fuji Sports Strains

Pollen morphology of strains of‘Fuji’apple was examined with scanning electron microscope(SEM). Pollen morphology among various‘Fuji’sports was compared with the polar axis length, the equatorial axis length, the ridge width, the ridge distance and the perforation diameter. The results showed that the shape of these pollen grains was prolate ellipse in side morphology and they were triangle in polarmorphology. There was 3-colporate, striped ornamentation with perforation on the surface of these pollen grains. Pollengrains of‘Fukuhima Spur’with 42.25μm polar axis length and 25.08 μm equatorial axis length was the biggest. P /E value of‘Fuji’pollen with 1.75 was the biggest, then that of‘Nagafu 2’and ‘Wangshanhong’. They were both remarkably bigger than that of‘Yataka’. P /E value could be regarded as an important index for identifying sports. Otherwise pollen ornamentation was various in each cultivar. Therefore the above Fuji sports could be identified through SEM observation on pollen morphology.