陶瓷增材制造

陶瓷的脆性和高硬度使得传统陶瓷成型工艺不易制备具有复杂形状和结构的陶瓷制件。本文总结了目前发展较快的激光选区熔融、激光选区烧结、三维打印、立体光固化、自由挤出成型等增材制造工艺在陶瓷领域的研究进展。面向复杂结构和高性能陶瓷制品的定制化快速制造需求,陶瓷增材制造技术展现出极大优势,在传统陶瓷行业、生物医疗等领域得到了应用。但是,陶瓷增材制造仍面临着打印材料及大尺寸、高致密度复杂结构陶瓷零件制造等难题,这些也将是增材制造技术未来发展的重要研究方向。

Additive Manufacturing of Ceramics

The brittleness and high hardness of ceramics pose a challenge for conventional forming method to manufacturing complex shape and structure ceramics. Additive manufacturing technology has the advantage and potential to meet the need of rapid manufacturing of customized complex and high-performance ceramics. In this paper, the methods and research progresses of some additive manufacturing techniques, including three-dimensional printing, direct inkjet printing, selective laser sintering/ melting, laminated object manufacturing, extrusion freeforming, stereolithography, are reviewed. Additive manufacturing of ceramics has applied into conventional industrial manufacturing process and biomedical field, such as biodegradable, regenerative bio ceramic implant. The high-performance function ceramics manufactured by additive manufacturing also widen the range of application of engineering ceramics. The additive manufacturing technologies of ceramics are still facing the problems of materials choosing, hard to printing large scale, high density, and high complex ceramic parts. These problems are the main research topics in the future.