Semiochemical modulation of host preference of Callosobruchus maculatus on legume seeds |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biology, Storage Technology Programme, Federal University of Technology, P.M. B 704, Akure, 340001, Nigeria;1. Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Department of Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India;3. Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural Research Station, Virinjipuram, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India;1. Crop Protection Division, ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, 208024, India;2. Crop Improvement Division, ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, 208024, India;3. Crop Production Division, ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, 208024, India;4. Plant Biotechnology Division, ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, 208024, India;5. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSAUA&T, Kanpur, 208002, India;1. Department of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago;2. Department of Food Production, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago |
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| Abstract: | Host preference of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) on seeds of three legume cultivars, Ife-brown and black-eyed cowpeas Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp)], and soybean (Glycine max L.), was investigated. Mated female C. maculatus showed high (90–95%) attraction to the three legume cultivars in Y-tube bioassays. However, the weevils discriminated among the cultivars in four-choice tests and showed greater attraction to Ife-brown cowpea (50%) than to soybean (30%) and black-eyed cowpea (15%). Coupled gas chromatography-electroantennography (GC-EAD) and GC–MS analyses of the headspace volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the legume seeds identified 2-ethyl hexanol as the principal EAD active component. Emission of 2-ethyl hexanol was two-fold greater in Ife-brown cowpea (∼0.54 μg g−1 seeds) compared with black-eyed cowpea (∼0.23 μg g−1 seeds) and soybean (∼0.21 μg g−1 seeds). Synthetic 2-ethyl hexanol attracted 68% of female C. maculatus at 0.01 μg dose in Y-tube bioassays. These results demonstrated that host preference in C. maculatus is odor-mediated, and identified 2-ethyl hexanol as a potential attractant for C. maculatus. |
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| Keywords: | Semiochemicals Cowpea VOCs GC-EAD GC–MS |
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