湖泊分蓄洪区洪水风险图编制探讨——以湖北武湖、涨渡湖为例

通过对湖北省武湖和涨渡湖分蓄洪区洪水风险图编制工作的总结,介绍了这2个分蓄洪区洪水风险图编制的范围、内容及方法,探讨了溃口洪水风险的影响因素,并分析了分蓄洪区特征参数可能存在的问题。结果表明此次复核的武湖分蓄洪区的容积和面积与《长江流域防洪规划》中的值基本一致,但涨渡湖的值却差别很大。另外,根据编制成果,无论长江干流扒口还是支流溃堤,武湖分蓄洪区的三里桥街和武湖街,涨渡湖分蓄洪区的双柳街、涨渡湖街和汪集街等地势低洼地区,洪水到达较快,受影响均较严重。但由于安全设施缺乏,安全避洪转移存在着一定困难,因此对避洪转移方案提出了新的思路,建议利用分蓄洪区内的高速公路进行人口的转移和临时安置。研究成果可为后续分蓄洪区的风险图编制提供参考。

Discussion on flood risk mapping for flood diversion and storage area: case of Wuhu and Zhangduhu Lakes area,Hubei Province

Through the summarization of flood risk mapping for flood diversion and storage area of Wuhu and Zhangduhu Lakes, we introduce the mapping scope, content and method for the two flood risk maps, and discuss the influence factors of dike-break flood risk and analyze potential problems existed in characteristic parameters of the flood diversion and storage area. The results show that the re-checking volume and acreage of Wuhu flood diversion and storage area are basically consistent with Yangtze River Basin Flood Control Planning, but it has a large difference in Zhangduhu flood diversion and storage area. In addition, according to the mapping results, some low-lying places are seriously affected by dike-break floods from stem stream or tributary of Yangtze River, such as Wuhu Town and Sanliqiao Town in Wuhu flood diversion and storage area, and Shuangliu Town, Zhangduhu Town and Wangji Town in Zhangduhu flood diversion and storage area, and so on. Seriously, for the lack of safety facilities, there are some difficulties in flood refuge and evacuation. Therefore it is suggested that we should use the expressway in the flood diversion and storage area to refuge.