复合型UASB厌氧氨氧化反应器的脱氮性能及污泥形态变化研究

采用提高进水基质的方式启动复合型UASB厌氧氨氧化反应器,研究启动过程中反应器的脱氮效果和运行状况,并通过污泥形态变化了解厌氧氨氧化菌富集情况。结果表明经过286 d的运行,NH4+-N、NO2--N和总氮(TN)去除率维持在90%以上,总氮去除负荷由0.129 kg/(m^3·d)提升至0.520 kg/(m^3·d),反应器启动成功。化学计量关系和pH变化均可作为判断反应器运行状况的指标,反应器启动成功时的ΔNH4+-N:ΔNO2--N:ΔNO3--N为1:1.24:0.14,出水pH在8.3~8.5之间,ΔpH维持在0.9左右。当反应器中TN质量浓度为186 mg/L时,游离氨对厌氧氨氧化的抑制浓度为3.1~20.4 mg/L。启动过程中,黑色颗粒污泥先解体,第256天污泥颜色转变为红褐色,再运行30天后反应器中出现大量颗粒污泥。复合型UASB厌氧氨氧化反应器能加速污泥颗粒化,同时有效减轻污泥上浮问题。

Study on Nitrogen Removal Performance and Sludge Morphological Change of Compound UASB Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Reactor

The composite UASB anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor was started by increasing the influent matrix. The denitrification effect and operation status of the reactor during the start-up process were studied, and the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria enrichment was learned through the change of sludge morphology in the reactor. The results show that after 286 d operation, the removal rate of NH4^+-N, N O2^--N and TN was maintained above 90%, and the total nitrogen removal load was increased from 0.129 kg/(m^3·d) to 0.520 kg/(m^3·d), the reactor started successfully. The stoichiometric relationship and pH change could be used as indicators to judge the operation o f the reactor. When the reactor was successfully started,△NH4^+-N:△NO2^--N:ANO3 -N was 1:1.24:0.14;and the effluent pH was 8.3-8.5, △pH was maintained at about 0.9. During the start-up process, the black granular sludge first disintegrated, and the color of the sludge on the 256th day was changed to reddish brown. After running for 30 days, a large amount of granular sludge appeared in the reactor.The compound UASB anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor could accelerate the granulation of sludge and effectively reduce the problem of sludge floating.