Studies of particle dispersion in plasticized poly(vinyl chloride)/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC) and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) were mixed with 5 and 10 wt % of Cloisite Na⁺, Cloisite 30B or Cloisite 93A. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized by thermal analysis using a thermogravimetric analyzer which showed that addition of 5 wt % of nanoclay to PVC increased its thermal stability in the sequence: Cloisite Na⁺< Cloisite 93A< Cloisite 30B. The electrical conductivity of these composites was studied as a function of temperatures and showed that the conductivity of PVC was enhanced upon using 5 wt % of nanoclay in the sequence: Cloisite Na⁺< Cloisite 30B < Cloisite 93A. The activation energy of interaction of PVC with nanoclay was found to be lowest for the composite containing 5 wt % of nanoclay in the same sequence. The tensile strength, elongation (%), and Young's modulus were considerably enhanced upon increasing the clay content to 5 wt % in the sequence: Cloisite Na⁺< Cloisite 93A < Cloisite 30B. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study these nanocomposite structures, and it was found that the organoclay layers are homogeneously dispersed in the PVC matrix when 5 wt % of Cloisite 30B or Cloisite 93A was used. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012