基于声学冲激响应的奶山羊呼吸及反刍同步监测方法

呼吸及反刍是奶山羊最基本的生理活动，及时准确地同步获取奶山羊的呼吸及反刍信息可以为评估奶山羊健康状况提供数据支撑。针对现有方法呼吸及反刍同步监测能力的不足，提出了一种基于声学冲激响应的单只静卧奶山羊呼吸及反刍同步监测方法。该方法首先利用声学在室内空间中的多径效应，实现奶山羊呼吸过程中胸脯起伏及反刍过程中嘴部咀嚼动作全向采集；其次计算收发信号的冲激响应，捕捉由呼吸及反刍运动造成多径信号周期性变化的特征；然后利用呼吸及反刍运动频率差实现呼吸和反刍信号的分离；最后经过幅度归一化、相位同步后实现呼吸及反刍波形的可视化。为了验证该方法的有效性，选用了不同朝向的静卧奶山羊进行呼吸及反刍监测试验，并分析了环境噪声对试验的影响，结果表明：对于不同朝向的奶山羊，该方法呼吸平均相对误差为2.60%，反刍平均相对误差为3.51%，平均漏帧率为2.49%，并对环境噪声有较强的抗干扰能力。

Simultaneously Monitoring Respiration and Ruminating Behavior of Dairy Goats Based on Acoustic Impulse Response

Respiration and rumination are the most basic physiological activities of dairy goats. The timely and accurate simultaneous obtain of the information on respiratory and rumination of dairy goats can provide data support for evaluating the health status of dairy goats. Aiming at the deficiency of the existing methods for simultaneous monitoring of respiration and rumination, a method for simultaneously monitoring respiration and rumination of a single lying dairy goats was proposed based on acoustic impulse response. Firstly, the multipath effect of acoustics in indoor space was used to realize omnidirectional acquisition of breast undulation during respiration and mouth chewing movement during rumination of dairy goats. Secondly, the impulse response of the received and transmitted signals was calculated to capture the characteristics of the periodic changes of multipath signals caused by respiration and rumination. Then the frequency difference of respiration and rumination was used to separate respiration and rumination signals. Finally, after amplitude normalization and phase synchronization, visualization of breath and rumination waveforms was realized. In order to verify the effectiveness of the method, the lying dairy goats were selected in different positions and orientations to conduct respiration and rumination monitoring experiments, and the influence of environmental noise on the test was analyzed. The results showed that for dairy goats at different orientations, the average relative error of this method was 2.60% for respiration, 3.51% for rumination, and 2.49% for frame leakage.The results of this study can provide technical support for the health monitoring of dairy goats with infectious diseases and other separately fed dairy goats.