基于熔融沉积法的快速成形柔性丝材技术研究

目的研究柔性材料的熔融沉积(Fused Deposition Modeling,FDM)快速成形工艺。方法通过理论推导和实验研究的方法,针对柔性材料的FDM技术做了初步的探讨。结果柔性材料FDM工艺,相对于硬质材料来说,其进丝量需要更加精准的控制,进丝齿轮旋转角速度和打印速度、打印层厚呈正比关系,其比例系数取决于喷嘴直径、齿轮外径以及所使用丝材直径;同时,打印温度、打印层厚,尤其是首层打印间隙等工艺参数对于柔性打印制件的表观质量有更加重要的影响,这主要是因为熔融态柔性材料粘性较大所导致。结论现有硬质材料的FDM机器,需要作出适当的调整,才能更好地适应柔性材料打印。

Rapid Prototyping Study of Flexible Materials Based on Fused Deposition Modeling

In order to study the rapid prototyping of flexible materials, theoretical derivation and experimental research were carried out to probe the technological process of flexible materials printed by fused deposition modeling (FDM). The results showed that the feed wire must be controlled more carefully compared to the harder materials. The angular velocity of feed gear was positively correlated to the spraying nozzle velocity and printed layer thickness. The ratio coefficient was decided by the diameter of spraying nozzle, the outer diameter of feed gear and the diameter of the flexible wire used. Meanwhile, the process parameters including temperature, layer thickness and especially, the gap for 1st layer played a more important role in the process of FDM for flexible materials, which greatly influenced the appearance of the printed parts. This was caused by the higher viscosity of molten flexible wire. It is obvious that proper adjustment was required for the current FDM machine with hard materials in order to adapt to printing with flexible materials.