冀北山地6种林分类型土壤水分-物理性质变化

为改善冀北山地林地生态功能,提高该地区森林涵养水源的能力,选取冀北山地6种典型林分为研究对象,采用环刀法对土壤物理性质进行了分析比较。结果表明:(1)土壤容重与土层深度呈正相关,土壤容重均值排序为:华北落叶松林(1.20g/cm~3)蒙古栎林(1.14g/cm3)油松林(1.12g/cm~3)黑桦林(1.03g/cm~3)白桦林(0.98g/cm~3)山杨林(0.81g/cm~3);(2)土壤总孔隙度与土层深度呈负相关,土壤总孔隙度均值排序为:山杨林(57.6%)白桦林(51.4%)黑桦林(51.1%)油松林(49.1%)华北落叶松林(45.9%)蒙古栎林(44.8%);土壤毛管孔隙度均值山杨林最大(48.9%),油松林最小(35.1%);非毛管孔隙度均值为油松林最大(14.0%),白桦林最小(3.6%);(3)土壤持水量与土层深度之间存在负相关关系,土壤最大持水量均值为山杨林最大,华北落叶松林最小;(4)土壤入渗速率与入渗时间呈明显幂函数关系,稳渗速率油松林最大(15.00mm/min),华北落叶松林最小(0.68mm/min)。研究结果可为森林土壤资源可持续利用提供依据。

Soil Water-Physical Properties of Six Forest Types in Northern Mountain of Hebei Province

In order to make better the ecological function of mountain forest land and improve the ability of forest water conservation in this area,six typical forest stands in Northern Mountain of Hebei Province were selected as the research samples.Meanwhile the author analyzed and compared the soil physical properties by ring knife method.The results showed that:(1) the soil bulk density was positively correlated with soil depth,soil bulk density average decreased in the orger:Larix principis-rupprechti forest (1.20 g/cm3)＞ Quercus mongolica forest (1.14 g/cm3)＞Pinus tabulaeformis forest (1.12 g/cm3)＞Betula davurica forest (1.03 g/cm3)＞Betula platyphylla forest (0.98 g/cm3)＞Populus davidiana forest (0.81 g/cm3);(2) the total soil porosity was negatively correlated with soil depth and the average order of total porosity was:Populus davidiana forest (57.6％)＞Betula platyphylla forest (51.4％)＞Betula davurica forest (51.1％)＞Pinus tabulaeformis forest (49.1％) ＞ Larix gmelinii-rupprechti forest (45.9 ％) ＞ Quercus mongolica forest (44.8％);Populus davidiana forest's average soil capillary porosity was maximum(48.9％),Pinus tabulaeformis forest was minimum (35.1％);The maximum non-capillary porosity averages was Pinus tabulaeformis forest (14.0％),the minimum was Betula platyphylla forest (3.6％);(3) there was a negative correlation between soil moisture and soil depth,The maximum water holding capacity of the soil was Populus davidiana forest and the smallest is Larix gmelinii-rupprechti forest;(4) the relationship between soil infiltration rate and infiltration time followed the power function.The largest steady infiltration rate was Pinus tabulaeforrnis forest (15.00 mm/min) and the minimum was Larix gmelinii-rupprechti forest (0.68 mm/min).The research results can provide the basis for sustainable utilization of forest soil resources.