Hopkinson压杆实验技术的应用进展

SHPB实验装置是研究各类工程材料动态力学性能的最基本实验手段,它不仅可用于测量金属、高聚物等均匀性好、变形量较大材料的冲击压缩(拉伸、剪切、扭转)应力—应变关系,经改进后还可以用于测量质地软、波阻抗小的泡沫介质材料和质地脆、均匀性差的混凝土类材料的冲击压缩应力-应变关系。此外,SHPB实验装置因加载方式简单,加载波形易测易控制,还可以开展混凝土类材料的层裂强度研究,火工品、引信的安全性、可靠性检测,高G值加速度传感器的标定以及炸药材料的压剪起爆临界点的测定等。

The Application Development of Experimental Technique of Hopkinson Pressure Bar

Split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) is the only efficient apparatus to obtain families of stress-strain curves of engineering materials at various high strain rates.In addition to obtaining the stress-strain relationship,in compression,tension,torsion and shear for regular metals and polymers that are capable of large deformation,the modified SHPB has also been demonstrated to characterize the high-rate compressive behavior of foam materials,which are generally of low strength and mechanical impedance and brittle materials with poor repeatability,such as concretes.Since the loading pulse in a SHPB experiment is easily controlled,the SHPB has been extended to investigate the spalling strength of concretes,to evaluate the reliability and safety of detonators and fuses,to calibrate the accelerometers with high g-value as well as to measure the critical explosive value of detonators in combination ofcompression and shear loading.