福建进城务工者学龄前子女行为问题现状

了解进城务工者学龄前子女的行为问题,为培养该群体儿童的健全人格提供参考.方法 采取整群抽样的方法选取福建省福州、厦门、漳州、莆田456名幼儿,使用自制一般情况调查表与长处和困难问卷(家长版)对其家长进行问卷调查.结果 研究组和对照组行为问题的检出率分别为22.6%和15.7%,差异无统计学意义(x2=3.530,P>0.05);研究组的多动注意不能得分高于对照组,亲社会行为得分低于对照组(t值分别为-2.117,2.512,P值均<0.05);研究组男童和5~6岁儿童行为问题严重于对照组(P值均<0.05);父母关系、父母教养态度、父亲管教类型和家庭人均月收入等因素进入回归方程(P值均<0.05),对儿童行为问题有较好的预测作用.结论 进城务工者学龄前子女的行为问题不容忽视,家庭因素能预测子女的行为问题.改变家长的教养观点,优化民办园的管理和教育理念,改善进城务工者群体的发展状况可促进子女教育干预的效果.

Behavioral problems among preschool children of migrant workers in Fujian Province

Objective To understand behavioral problems among preschool children of migrant workers from 4 cities in Fujian Province.Methods Questionnaire survey was implemented among 456 preschool children of migrant workers from 4 cities in Fujian.Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ) parent edition was used to assess behavioral problems.Statistical analysis included t-test,x2 test and regression analysis.Results The prevalence of behavioral problems was significantly higher in preschool children of migrant workers (22.6%) than in that of control children (15.7%) (x2=41.943,P<0.05).Inattention-hyperactivity behaviors and prosocial behaviors were lower in migrant workers more than that in control group(P<0.05).Behavioral problems were more common in boys and children aged 5-6 years old from migrant worker families.Parent-child relation,parenting attitude,discipline from father and household monthly average income predict children's behavior problems(P<0.05).Conclusion Behavioral problems among preschool children of migrant workers should not be neglected.Family parenting closely relates with children's behavioral problems.Results suggest education intervention aiming at parenting attitude improvement,optimizing the management and education concept of private kindergarten could play an important role in child behavioral problem prevention among migrant worker family.