12例Dandy—Walker综合征的临床CT与MRI分析

目的分析Dandy—Walker综合征的临床及cT与MR!影像特征。方法采用cT与MRI常规扫描，对12例Dandy—Walker综合征的临床表现、CT与MRI征象进行回顾性分析；结果12例Dandy—Walker综合征的CT与MRI表现归纳为①小脑蚓部缺失，小脑半球发育不良、完全分离，分离的小脑半球可以不对称；②第四脑室呈囊状、扇形、三角形显著扩张或后颅窝巨大囊状阴影与第四脑室相通；③窦汇异常抬高，越过人字缝／天幕抬高；④幕上脑室对称性扩张，脑积水。结论对Dandy—Walker综合征的诊断，CT扫描能够显示后颅凹及天幕上下脑的形态与结构，其CT表现具特征性；MRI可多平面扫描，无骨质伪影，显示后颅凹优于CT，在矢状面上可显示小脑、第四脑室、导水管、后颅凹囊肿以及与天幕的关系。CT与MRI扫描对Dandy—Walker综合征能够做出定性诊断，是术前诊断的主要依据，检查无痛苦，有重要的诊断和鉴别诊断价值。

Linic CT and MRI Analysis of Dandy-Walker Syndrome(A Report of 12 Cases)

Objective To explore clinical manifestations and CT＆MRI features of Dandy-Walker Syndrome （DWS）. Methods The definitive diagnosis of 12 cases with DWS was made by CT＆MRI routine scan. The clinical materials and CT＆MRI manifestations of the 12 patients with DWS were analysed retrospectively. Results The following main CT＆MRI findings of DWS were observed ： ①Absence or partial agenesis of the cerebellar vermis with the separative cerebellar hemispheres ,which may be asymmetrical. ②4th ventricle extending posterosuperiorly from the missing wermis, with the shape of cyst, fan or triangle;or cystic dilation fourth ventricle communicates with enlargement of posterior fossa cyst. ③ Enlargement of posterior fossa with upward dis- placement of lateral sinuses, sinus confluens and tentorium. ④Superratentorium symmetrical ventricular enlargement with hydrocephlus. Conclusions There were characteristic CT＆MRI findings in the DWS. The Dandy-Walker syndrome can be accurately diagnosed by CT＆MRI scan. CT＆MRI scan is valuable methods for an early diagnosis of DWS.