我国疾病预防控制机构处置中毒事件个体防护能力调查

目的 了解我国疾病预防控制机构处置突发中毒事件个体防护能力现状.方法 对通过多阶段分层抽样方式在31个省(自治区、直辖市)范围内选取的57家不同级别疾病预防控制中心的个体防护用品装备情况和中毒防治人员中毒现场个体防护基础知识掌握情况进行现况调查.结果 80.70%的疾病预防控制机构有针对中毒事件的个体防护用品装备,省级、市级、县级个体防护用品机构装备率分别为100.00%、95.24%、66.67%,差异有统计学意义(H=7.94,P<0.05).疾病预防控制机构装备个体防护用品种类的平均水平为(5.42±4.00)种,省级、市级、县级疾病预防控制机构分别装备(11.33±3.67)种、(6.52±3.16)种、(3.47±3.10)种,差异有统计学意义(F=17.30,P<0.05);经济发达、中等、欠发达地区疾病预防控制机构分别装备(6.41±4.03)种、(3.55±3.35)种、(6.45±4.07)种,差异有统计学意义(F=3.70,P<0.05).装备品种最多的前3位分别为乳胶手套、纱布口罩、C级防护服.防护服及呼吸防护器装备数量明显不足.中毒防治人员中毒现场个体防护基础知识测试平均分为(71.39±12.52)分,不同经济水平地区机构、不同级别机构、不同职称、不同学历的中毒防治人员之间测试成绩无专业差别.结论 近年来我国疾病预防控制机构的个体防护能力建设取得一定进步,但目前疾病预防控制机构针对突发中毒事件的个体防护应急能力尚不能满足实际需求,不能有效应对突发中毒事件.

Evaluation of the capacity of personal protection on poison emergency items in Chinese disease control and prevention institutes

Objective To analyze the capacity of personal protection on poison emergency items in Chinese disease control and prevention institutes. Methods Evaluation analysis based on data obtained from investigating personal protection equipments and professional knowledge quizzing about personal protection in poisoning control of 57 different level centers for disease control and prevention selected from China by a multi-stage stratified sampling. Results All 80. 70% of the institutes possessed the protection equipments, provincial, municipal, county level institutes were 100.00%, 95.24%, 66.67%, respectively, with significant statistical difference (H = 7.94, P < 0. 05). The average level of the type of individual protective equipments in disease control and prevention institutes was(5.42±4. 00)kinds,the average points in category of provincial, municipal, county level institutes were (11.33±3. 67), (6. 52±3. 16), (3.47± 3. 10) kinds, being statistically significant (F = 17.30, P < 0. 05) ;type difference counts of disease control and prevention institutes in economic development, secondary, less-developed regions were (6.41 ± 4.03), (3.55±3.35), (6.45±4. 07) kinds, with statistical significance (F = 3.70, P < 0.05). Protection equipments chiefly possessed were latex gloves, gauze masks and C-protective clothing. Protective clothing and respiratory protective equipments were insufficient evidently. The average points in testing personal protection basic knowledge were (71.39±12. 52) points;there were no differences between different institutes with different economic regions, levels, technical posts and title degrees. Conclusion Certain advances have been achieved in recent years in personal protection capacity of institutes for disease controland prevention, but far from the actual demands, and maybe no enough effective response on emergency occurred.