昆明主城区夏季小学生维生素D与体格生长的相关性分析研究

目的 研究昆明主城区夏季小学生维生素D与体格生长的相关性,为预防儿童身材矮小及发生肥胖提供临床数据依据。方法 采用分层随机抽样方法,选取2018年6-8月在昆明市4个区591名研究对象,对研究对象进行体格测量、血清25-(OH)D测定及超声骨密度检测。比较不同年级组的血清25-(OH)D、体重指数(BMI)及骨强度Z值,不同年级段男、女儿童维生素D营养状况,分析25-(OH)D水平与BMI、骨强度Z值及身高的相关性。结果 相同年级儿童男女在身高、体重和BMI值上有显著差异,随着年级的增长,儿童血清25-(OH)D水平呈降低趋势(F＝37.646,P<0.001),BMI呈上升趋势(F＝1 343.002,P＝0.001),骨强度Z值呈下降趋势(F＝34.489,P<0.001);随着年级的增长,不同性别研究对象的维生素D不足与缺乏者占比呈略升高趋势(P>0.05);总体上,男童维生素D充足的比例为48.38%,女童为48.06%,25-(OH)D水平与BMI呈负相关性(r=-0.673,P<0.01),与骨强度Z值呈正相关性(r=0.514,P<0.01),与身高呈正相关性(r=0.561,P<0.01)。结论 本研究中的小学生仍有一半以上存在25-(OH)D水平不足或缺乏,儿童需增加户外锻炼,口服维生素D制剂,以减少儿童矮小症、肥胖等疾病发生。

Correlation analysis of vitamin D and physical growth of elementary school students in Kunming in summer

Objective To study the correlation between vitamin D and physical growth in elementary school students in Kunming in summer,in order to provide clinical data for the prevention of short stature and obesity in children. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select 591 research subjects in 4 districts of Kunming from June to August 2018.Physical measurements,serum 25-(OH)D test and ultrasound bone density detection were performed to all participants.Serum 25-(OH)D level,body mass index (BMI) and bone strength Z values of different age groups,as well as vitamin D nutritional status of male and female children at different ages were compared.The correlation between 25-(OH)D levels and BMI,bone strength Z value and height were analyzed. Results Significant differences were found on height,weight and BMI for children with the same age.With the increase of grades,the level of serum 25-(OH)D decreased(F=37.646,P＜0.001),BMI showed an upward trend(F=1 343.002,P＝0.001),and the bone strength Z value showed a downward trend(F=34.489,P＜0.001).With the increase of age,the proportion of vitamin D deficiency had an increasing trend.Overall,the ratio of vitamin D adequacy in boys was 48.38% and that in girls was 48.06%.25-(OH)D level was negatively correlated with BMI (r=-0.673,P<0.01),positively correlated with bone strength Z value and height (r=0.514,0.561, P<0.01). Conclusions More than half of the primary school students in this study are lack of 25-(OH)D.Children are suggested to do more outdoor exercise and take vitamin D supplementation orally so as to reduce childhood short stature and obesity.