超临界CO_2流体萃取与常规提取方法制备芹菜籽精油的比较

应用超临界CO2流体萃取(SFE-CO2)、同步水蒸气蒸馏-溶剂萃取(SDE)和有机溶剂提取(SE)方法提取芹菜籽中的香味成分,对不同提取方法制备的芹菜籽精油进行了得率、制备工艺、闻香评价、化学组成和卷烟加香应用效果等方面的对比研究。结果表明:SFE-CO2方法萃取的芹菜籽油得率(11 15%)接近SE方法得率(12 80%),远高于SDE方法得率(0 6%);从中鉴定出21种主要挥发性香气成分,占挥发油的92 98%。它们是瑟丹内酯、4,11 桉叶二烯、柠檬烯、1 (4 乙苯基)乙基酮、β 石竹烯、月桂烯、β 蒎烯、反 对 薄荷 2,8 二烯 1 醇、氧代石竹烯、罗勒烯、乙基芳樟醇、乙酸己酯、柠檬烯氧化物、反 香芹醇、顺 香芹醇、反 乙酸松香芹酯、反 乙酸香芹酯、α 石竹烯、β 芹子烯、β 榄香烯和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。评香和卷烟应用实验显示:SFE-CO2萃取芹菜籽油的香气更自然浓郁,在卷烟中的应用效果优于SDE和SE方法制备的提取物,能有效改善卷烟吸味。

Comparative Research on Celery Seed Essential Oils Prepared by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Traditional Methods

Celery seed essential oils were extracted for tobacco casing by different methods including supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction(SFE-CO_2), simultaneous water distillation-solvent extraction(SDE) and organic solvent extraction(SE).The yield,chemical constituents,flavor character and effect on tobacco casing of these different celery seed essential oils were studied in comparison.Experimental results show that the yield of celery seed essential oil extracted by SFE is 11 .15%,close to that by SE(12 .80%) and much higher than that by SDE(0 .6%).There are 21 main volatile flavor chemical constituents in the celery seed oil made by SFE-CO_2,including sedanolide,eudesma-4,11-diene,limonene,1-(4-ethylphenyl)-ethanone, β -caryophyllene,myrcene, β -pinene, trans-p -mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol,caryophyllene oxide,ocimene,ethyl linalool, n -hexyl acetate,limonene oxide, trans -carveol, cis -carveol, trans -pinocarvyl acetate, trans -carvyl acetate, α -caryophyllene, β -selinene, β -elemene and dibutyl phthalate.They contribute 92 .98% of peak area of the volatile matters.The flavor of celery seed essential oil extracted by SFE-CO_2 is more natural and full-bodied,and the tobacco casing effect of it is better than that of other two oils made by SDE or SE.It can make the smoke smooth and sweet.