近50年贵州雾的时空分布及变化

应用贵州84个气象台站50年(1961~2010年)观测资料,对大雾的时空分布,雾日的季节和月频率分布,雾日的年际间变化趋势等特征进行了分析表明,贵州大雾区主要有4个:西部大雾区主要分布在乌蒙山东侧;黔中大雾区主要在开阳和息烽县一带;黔东大雾区主要分布在苗岭山脉周围的县及铜仁的万山特区一带;黔西南大雾区以晴隆为中心。大雾大部分发生在冬季,其次是春季,其后是秋季,夏季发生频率最小。12月、1月和10月出现的雾日为最多;5~7月出现雾日的频率最小。出现大雾的时间主要在早晨,中午和傍晚发生大雾的频率较少。近50年大雾的年际间变化呈现增加趋势(通过0.05的信度检验),但本世纪以来呈现略微减少的趋势。 

Spatial and Temporal Distribution and Variation of Fog in Guizhou Province in Recent 50 Years

The climatic characteristics of fog,including the spatial and temporal distributions,season and monthly frequency distributions,and the interannual variation trend of fog days,were analyzed with 50 years’observation data(1961 to 2010),from 84 meteorological stations in Guizhou.It showed that: there are four main fog zones in Guizhou: the western fog zone,mainly distributing in east Wumeng Mountain;the central fog zone,lying on the region of Kaiyang and Xifeng County;the east fog zone,mainly rounding the Miaoling mountain and Wanshan DC in Tongren District;the southwest fog zone,outward extending from Qinglong County.Heavy fogs mostly occur in the winter,Secondly in spring,then autumn,the least frequency in summer.The most fog days appear in December,January and October,and the least in May,Jun and July.Heavy fogs arise in the morning,seldom in noon and evening.Interannual changes of heavy fogs show significant trend in the past 50 years(at 0.05 reliability test),but a slightly decreasing in this century.