160例儿童泌尿系感染病原学特征分析

目的探讨儿童泌尿系感染病原菌分布及药敏特点。方法对2005年7月至2009年11月间湖北省妇幼保健院儿童内科和成人内外科、妇科中段尿培养标本,行常规琼脂平板细菌培养,药敏试验采用K-B纸片琼脂扩散法。结果阳性标本160份,成人易感细菌的前三位是大肠埃希氏菌(占44.8%)、表皮葡萄球菌(占29.3%)和粪肠球菌(占8.6%);儿童易感染细菌的前三位是大肠埃希氏菌(占44.7%)、屎肠球菌(占13.6%)和肺炎克雷伯菌(占7.8%)。儿童组革兰氏阴性菌构成比(占66.3%)要高于成人组(占50%)。1岁的婴儿组的尿培养革兰氏阴性菌构成比(占79.6%)要高于1～3岁儿童组(占55%)与3岁儿童组(占51.7%)。对居第一位的大肠埃希菌进行耐药性分析,无论是成人还是儿童患者,其尿培养大肠埃希菌对氨苄青霉素和三、四代头孢菌素敏感性均40%,但对头孢哌酮舒巴坦、阿米卡星、亚胺培南的敏感性均达75%～100%之间。儿童尿培养中大肠埃希菌对氨苄青霉素、头孢哌酮和头孢吡肟的敏感性明显低于成人(P均0.05)。结论儿童泌尿系感染表现出年龄越小,革兰氏阴性菌感染率越高;而且真菌感染的可能性也增大。儿童泌尿系感染者对合成青霉素、三、四代头孢菌素均较之成人患者敏感性更差。

Pathogenic characteristics of 160 children with urinary tract infection

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms in children with urinary tract infection.Methods All urine culture specimens from our hospital from July 2005 to November 2009 were sent to laboratory for routine bacterial culture with agar plate.The K-B disc agar diffusion test was used to define the drug susceptibility of all bacteria.Results 160 positive samples were found,the top three bacteria were Escherichia coli(44.8%),Staphylococcus epidermidis(29.3%) and E...