先秦到唐代的“谁为”和“为谁”

先秦时期,几乎所有的"谁为"都属于"谁宾语+为"式,发展到唐代,绝大多数"谁为"都属于"谁主语+为"式。先秦时期,所有的"为谁"都属于"为系词+谁表语"式,发展到唐代,绝大多数"为谁"都属于"为+谁宾语"式。也就是说,从先秦到唐代,"谁宾语+为"式由盛转衰,几乎退出历史舞台,"为+谁宾语"式从无到有,成为常式。这种现象表明,发展到唐代,"为"的疑问代词宾语"谁",后置化历程基本完成。

＂Shui wei＂（谁为） and ＂Wei shui＂（为谁）from the Pre-Qin poetry to the Tang Dynasty

In the pre-Qin period,almost all the ＂ shui wei＂（ 谁为） belong to the pattern of ＂ shui（ 谁,object） ＋ wei（ 为） ＂. With the development of Chinese,it evolved into the pattern of ＂ shui（ 谁,subject） ＋ wei（ 为） ＂ in Tang Dynasty. Likewise,from the pre-Qin period to the Tang Dynasty,most of the ＂ wei shui＂（ 为谁） developed from ＂ wei（ 为,link word） ＋ shui（ 谁,predicative） ＂ to the pattern ＂ wei（ 为） ＋ shui（ 谁,object） ＂. That is to say,with the evolvement of Chinese from the pre-Qin period to the Tang Dynasty,the pattern of ＂ shui（ 谁,object） ＋ wei（ 为） ＂ gradually disappeared into history. However,starting from scratch,the pattern ＂ wei（ 为） ＋shui（ 谁 object） ＂ has become a common one. These phenomenons reflected the historical trend in which the objects of the interrogative pronouns were placed from the front to the rear,and thus laid a solid foundation for forming the final syntactic pattern-the object postposition of interrogative pronouns.