栀子野生居群叶片和果实性状的表型多样性

栀子(Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis)为茜草科止血、消肿等作用,在中医临床常用于治疗黄疸型肝(Rubiaceae)栀子属(Gardenia)常绿灌木,广泛分布炎、扭挫伤、高血压、糖尿病等症2];作为优质的天然于长江以南各省区1],它是重要的森林食品及药材色素,其提取物常添加在面条、糖果等食品中3-4];资源。其干燥成熟果实具有护肝、利胆、降压、镇静、因其果肉含有抗癌作用的藏红花素、藏红花酸、苦红

Phenotypic Diversity of Leaf and Fruit Traits of Natural Gardenia jasminoides Population

In order to study the phenotypic variation patterns of the leaf and fruit traits of natural Gardenia jasminoides populations in different distribution areas, an investigation was made on the leaf and fruit traits of 25 natural G. jasminoides populations distributed in nine provinces of China. The results are as follows. The phenotypes of G. jasminoides present abundant variations within populations; the phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 85.97% within populations, which was higher than that within groups, suggesting that the variance among populations was the main part of the phenotypic variation. The most unstable phenotypes among different regions were fruit traits, such as size, length, longitudinal rib width, and peduncle length. The leaf traits of G. jasminoides were negatively correlated with fruit traits. The fruit size had very significant positive correlation with other fruit traits, while negatively correlated with leaf traits. The longitude was negatively correlated with leaf traits, while positively correlated with fruit traits. The fruit size had very significant negative correlation with latitude, and the length had very significant positive correlation with altitude. The annual average temperature and the average temperature in January were positively correlated with leaf traits, while negatively correlated with fruit traits. The annual rainfall was negatively correlated with fruit traits too, but the annual average sunshine had very significant positive correlation with the peduncle length. Twenty-five natural populations of G. jasminoides could be divided into six classes through the clustering analysis of phenotypes.