空调负荷集群参与辅助服务的运行调控与评价技术综述

空调负荷具有总量大、易调节、对用户影响较小的特点,是理想的需求侧可调节资源,有必要从不同角度梳理空调负荷参与辅助服务技术的研究进展和方向。首先,介绍不同类型空调资源的单体和聚合建模技术。其次,分析了空调参与一次调频、二次调频、备用容量等不同辅助服务的主要难题和技术方法,介绍考虑信息安全可靠的空调调控技术,并从电网互动和用户舒适度等方面归纳空调负荷的评价技术。最后,提出进一步挖掘空调负荷调节潜力的建议,以期促进空调负荷调控技术从理论研究向实际应用的转化。

A review of operation regulation and evaluation techniques for air conditioning clusters participating in ancillary services

Air conditioning loads,characterized by their large amount,ease of adjustment,and minimal impact on users,are ideal demand-side flexible resources. It’s necessary to research progress and directions of air conditioning load participation in ancillary service technologies from various perspectives. Firstly,the modeling techniques for individual and aggregated air conditioning resources are introduced.Then,the main challenges and technical methods for air conditioning participation in various ancillary services such as primary frequency regulation,secondary frequency regulation,and reserve capacity are analyzed. Air conditioning control technologies considering information security and reliability are discussed,and evaluation techniques for air conditioning load from the perspectives of grid interaction and user comfort are summarized. Finally,suggestions for further exploring the regulation potential of air conditioning load are proposed to promote the transformation of air conditioning load control technologies from theoretical research to practical applications.