2008～2010年烟台市农村集中式生活饮用水毒理学指标检测分析

目的]了解烟台市农村饮用水毒理学指标状况,为改善农村居民饮水情况、保障农村居民饮水安全提供技术支撑。方法]随机选择烟台市农村地区的小型集中式供水点作为枯水期、丰水期的监测点,每个监测点采集出厂水、末梢水各1份,检测砷、氟、硝酸盐氮。结果]2008～2010年烟台市农村生活饮用水毒理学指标中,砷合格率均为100.00%,氟合格率为99.21%,各年间,枯、丰水期间,不同水源地及不同处理方式间合格率差异均无统计学意义。硝酸盐氮平均合格率为67.83%,各年间硝酸盐氮合格率枯水期和丰水期差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),均以2009年为最低(分别为61.33%和55.08%);枯水期和丰水期间硝酸盐氮差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),枯水期合格率高于丰水期;不同水源地间硝酸盐氮合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中以水库为水源的水质合格率最高(90.18%),以深井和浅井为水源的水质合格率最低,分别为65.78%和65.93%;不同处理方式间硝酸盐氮合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中完全处理的水质合格率最高(93.33%),未处理的水质合格率最低(63.33%)。结论]烟台市农村生活饮用水毒理学指标合格率较高,主要不合格指标为硝酸盐氮,说明水质受到含氮有机物污染。

Analysis on the Results of Toxicology Indicators of Centralized Water Supply in Rural Areas in Yantai City,2008-2010

Objective]To assess the toxicology indicators of drinking water quality in rural areas,in order to improve the situation of rural drinking water and provide technical support for protecting the safety of drinking water for rural residents.Methods]Small rural centralized water supply points were randomly selected as the monitoring points for dry season and wet season in Yantai.In every site one sample of finished water and one of peripheral water were collected respectively.Arsenic,fluoride,nitrate nitrogen were detected.Results]From 2008 to 2010,the pass rates of arsenic were all 100.00%.The average pass rate of fluorine was 99.21%,the pass rates among different years,between dry season and wet season,among different sources and among different treatment modes had no significant difference.The average pass rate of nitrate nitrogen was 67.83%.In different years the pass rates of nitrate nitrogen in dry season and in wet season were statistically different(dry season:P<0.05;wet season:P<0.05),the lowest pass rates all were in 2009(61.33% in dry season and 55.08% in wet season).The pass rates of nitrate nitrogen between in the dry season and wet season had significant difference(P<0.05),the pass rate in dry season was higher than in wet season.Different water sources had different pass rates(P<0.05),and the reservoir water had the highest pass rate(90.18%),followed by deep well(65.78%) and shallow well(65.93%).The pass rates were statistically significant(P<0.05) in different approaches and fully processed water had the highest pass rate(93.33%),untreated water had the lowest pass rate(63.33%).Conclusion]The pass rate of toxicology indicators of drinking water in rural areas in Yantai is high.The main failure indictor is nitrate nitrogen.Water quality is polluted by nitrogen-containing organic.