热塑性聚氨酯弹性体对聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯基阻燃复合材料性能的影响

以溴化聚苯乙烯(BPS)为阻燃剂，Sb₂O₃纳米颗粒(nano-Sb₂O₃)为协效阻燃剂，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)为基体，热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)为增韧组分，采用球磨分散和熔融共混的方法制备出TPU/nano-Sb₂O₃-BPS-PBT阻燃复合材料。通过DSC、拉伸、冲击和极限氧指数(LOI)等性能测试，研究了TPU质量分数对TPU/nano-Sb₂O₃-BPS-PBT阻燃复合材料力学性能与阻燃性能的影响。研究结果表明:TPU的加入可改善TPU/nano-Sb₂O₃-BPS-PBT阻燃复合材料的韧性；随着TPU质量分数的增加，TPU/nano-Sb₂O₃-BPS-PBT阻燃复合材料的缺口冲击强度上升，当TPU质量分数为9wt%时，其冲击强度相比于纯PBT提高了137%，断裂伸长率相比于纯PBT提高了340%，但该复合材料的拉伸强度有所下降。当TPU质量分数为3wt%时，该复合材料的拉伸强度大于纯PBT，冲击强度相比于纯PBT提高了52%，同时达到了难燃等级。此时，TPU/nano-Sb₂O₃-BPS-PBT阻燃复合材料表现出优异的综合性能。 

Effect of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer on the properties of polybutylene terephthalate matrix flame retardant composites

Using brominated polystyrene (BPS) as flame retardant, Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles (nano-Sb₂O₃) as synergistic flame retardant, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) as matrix and thermoplastic polyurethane elasticity (TPU) as a toughening component, TPU/nano-Sb₂O₃-BPS-PBT flame retardant composites were obtained by ball milling dispersion and melt-mixing methods. The mechanical and flame retardant properties of the TPU/nano-Sb₂O₃-BPS-PBT composites were studied by DSC, tensile, impact and limiting oxygen index (LOI) test. The results show that the TPU can enhance the toughness of the TPU/nano-Sb₂O₃-BPS-PBT flame retardant composites. With increasing of the mass fraction of TPU, the notched impact strength of the TPU/nano-Sb₂O₃-BPS-PBT flame retardant composites increases. Furthermore, when the mass fraction of TPU is 9wt%, its impact strength increases by 137% and the elongation at break increases by 340% compared with those of pure PBT, but its tensile strength decreases. The tensile strength of the composites is greater than that of pure PBT when the mass fraction of TPU is 3wt%, which its impact strength is 52% higher than that of the pure PBT. The TPU/nano-Sb₂O₃-BPS-PBT flame retardant composites reach flame-resistant grade and the composites show superior comprehensive performance.