绞股蓝和高脂血症对成年雄性兔睾丸显微结构影响研究

目的观察绞股蓝和高脂血症对成年雄性兔睾丸显微结构的影响。方法40只日本雄性大耳白兔随机分为A、C、D、E组,分别喂饲高脂饲料(92.5%标准饲料+2%胆固醇+2%蛋黄+3.5%猪油)+绞股蓝5g/kg、高脂饲料、标准饲料+绞股蓝5g/kg、标准饲料。饲养前和饲养后3、6、9周末检测甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。实验结束观察睾丸显微结构。结果①TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C:A组、C组随饲养时间延长,TG、TC、LDL-C渐升,与饲养前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.01),A组HDL-C渐升,与饲养前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);饲养后A组TG、TC、LDL-C低于C组,A组HDL-C高于C组,饲养后组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.01)。②光镜检查:A、D、E组生精细胞大致正常;C组生精细胞脂肪变性,间质纤维化,基底膜增厚,精子细胞数量下降。结论高脂血症导致睾丸生精细胞脂肪样变,精子细胞数量下降。绞股蓝通过降低血脂、改善血脂代谢,对高脂血症导致的睾丸生精细胞脂肪样变具有抑制作用,绞股篮对标准饲料饲养兔睾丸显微结构无影响。

Effects of Fiveleaf Gynostemma Herb on microstructure of testicle in adult male rabbits with hyperlipidemia

Objective To observe the effects of Fiveleaf Gynostemma Herb on microstructure of testicle in adult male rabbits with hyperlipidemia. Methods Forty male rabbits were randomized into Groups A, C, D and E, fed with high-fat diet （92.5% standard diet, 2% cholesterol, 2% yolk and 3.5% lard） plus 5g/kg Fiveleaf Gynostemma Herb （Group A）, high-fat diet （Group C）, standard diet plus 5g/kg Fiveleaf Gynostemma Herb （Group D） or standard diet alone （Group E）. Levels of blood TG, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C were measured before and at 3-, 6- and 9-week intervals after diets were started. The microstructures of the testicle were also observed at the end of study. Results ① Over time, levels of TG, TC, and LDL-C increased in both Groups A and C as compared with pre-treatment （P〈0.05 or 0.01）, while the increases appeared more significant in Group C （P〈0.01）. Group A also showed higher level of posttreatment HDL-C as compared with pre-treatment and Group C （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. ② Under light microscopy, Groups A, D and E showed normal spermatogenic cells, whereas fatty degeneration of spermatogenic cells, interstitial fibrosis and reduced production of sperms were found for Group C. Conclusion Hyperlipidemia was found to induce fatty degeneration of spermatogenic cells and reduction in sperm counts. On the other hand, the lipid-lowering Fiveleaf Gynostemma Herb may help in suppressing these effects, although with no influence on testicle microstructure in rabbits fed with standard diet.