上海市柴油和CNG公交车生命周期成本比较

压缩天然气(CNG)一般被认为是比柴油更为清洁的燃料.利用生命周期成本评估方法对上海市柴油和CNG公交车的经济性能进行了评价(2003年价格).结果表明,在不考虑环境成本的情况下,如果贴现率保持在8%以内,CNG公交车生命周期成本均低于柴油车;如果考虑大气环境成本,在贴现率保持在8%以内时,CNG价格即使再提高16%,CNG公交车生命周期成本仍均低于柴油车;柴油与天然气的价格比、生命周期环境成本以及采用的贴现率是影响最终结果的主要敏感因素.

Comparative Studies on Life Cycle Costs (LCC) Between Diesel Powered and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Powered Bus in Shanghai City

Compressed natural gas(CNG) is usually regarded as a cleaner fuel than diesel used in vehicles, but its economical performance is not clear. The difference of economical performances between a Shanghai diesel powered and a CNG powered bus is investigated by using life cycle cost assessment method (prices in 2003). The results show that, the LCC of CNG powered bus is less than diesel bus if discount rate is below 8% and environmental cost is not included; If discount rate is below 8% and environmental cost resulted from air pollution is included, the LCC of CNG powered bus is still less than diesel bus even though the CNG price is increased by 16%; The price of diesel and CNG, environmental life cycle cost and the discount rate adopted are the main sensitive factors influencing on the comparative conclusion. More attentions should be paid to the studies on quantifying environmental cost of unit mass pollutants in China.