电解水制氢之提效降本

氢能作为一种绿色清洁能源，被誉为未来最有前景的替代能源之一。近年来，电解水制氢作为一种绿色制氢技术受到了广泛关注与研究，但因电解水反应阳极析氧过程受热力学限制以及动力学反应速率缓慢，导致阴极的产氢效率很低，且产物氧气的附加值不高。基于电解水制氢之提效降本目标，从高效电解水催化剂设计、海水电解制氢以及电解水制氢耦合氧化等角度综述了电解水制氢的最新研究进展，特别是分析了催化剂设计与系统设计对制氢效率的影响。最后，对电解水制氢领域现阶段存在的挑战以及未来发展方向进行了展望，期望为电解水制氢技术的发展提供借鉴。

BOOSTING EFFICIENCY AND REDUCING COST OF HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM ELECTROCHEMICAL WATER SPLITTINNG

As a kind of green and clean energy, hydrogen energy is known as one of the most promising alternative energy sources in the future. In recent years, hydrogen production from water electrolysis has received extensive attention. However, according to the thermodynamics and kinetics,the anode oxygen evolution reaction rate are slow, which severely restricts the hydrogen production efficiency in cathode. In addition, the value of the anodic product oxygen is much low. Based on the goal of improving efficiency and reducing costs for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, this article reviews the latest research progress of hydrogen production from the perspectives of high-efficiency catalyst designing for water electrolysis, seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production, and electrochemical hydrogen evolution coupled with oxidation. In particular, the influence of catalyst designing and system designing on the efficiency of hydrogen production is analyzed. Finally, the challenges and the future development direction of hydrogen production from water electrolysis are prospected, which is expected to provide some reference for the development of hydrogen production technology from water electrolysis.