Reactive flash sintering of high-entropy oxide (La0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Gd0.2)2Zr2O7: Microstructural evolution and aqueous durability |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou City 621908, Sichuan, China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;1. School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, the Republic of Korea;2. Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, the Republic of Korea;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, the Republic of Korea;4. SKKU of Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, the Republic of Korea;1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;2. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;3. Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 21, Sweden;1. Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory for Electrical Materials and Infiltration Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, China;1. Laboratory for Research in Advanced Materials, Department of Physics, University of Science & Technology Bannu, Township Bannu, 28100 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan;2. Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, 25120 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad, 44000 Pakistan;4. Center for Materials Science, Islamia College Peshawar, 25120 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | Herein, the phase evolution, densification and grain growth process of the high entropy ceramics during flash sintering were systematically characterized and quantified to understand the microstructural evolution for the first time. It was demonstrated that the densification rate of (La0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Gd0.2)2Zr2O7 by flash sintering in this work was generally around 60 times that of conventional sintering at 1600 °C, while the grain growth rate by flash sintering was only around 1.5–6 times that of conventional sintering, indicating that grain growth was suppressed during flash sintering. The grain growth mechanisms by flash sintering and conventional sintering could be both attributed to surface diffusion and volume diffusion. In addition, the flash sintered high-entropy ceramics as promising immobilization materials for high-level radioactive waste (HLW) exhibited excellent aqueous durability with normalized leaching rates of Nd, Gd and Zr approximately 10?6～10?7 g m?2 d?1 after 42 days, which were much lower than most reported pyrochlore materials. |
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| Keywords: | Flash sintering High-entropy ceramics Microstructural evolution Radioactive waste immobilization |
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