中国西部开发战略创新的经济地理学理论基础

在分析了对中国区域发展产生重大影响的经济地理学理论的基础上，探讨西部开发的重大问题，就国家－地方－个人利益的协调、跨越式发展的可能性、以及经济建设与生态环境保护的关系等进行经济地理学理论层面的思考，论证了西部可持续发展的必要条件，进而提出了“富民”优先、缩小社会发展差距、建设特色经济、非均衡开发、东西合作等西部开发战略创新的基本思路。

The Consideration of Strategic Innovation of West Development Based on Theories of Economic Geography

In China, regional development is always the main field of economic geography. Especially since reform and opening up, economic geography has developed substantially with the positional elevation of regional development in national economy. At present, the western development strategy will have a deep effect on the pattern of Chinese regional development in the 21st century while economic geography has stepped into the period of transferring from traditional to modern economic geography. Therefore, to consider the innovative strategy of western development from the viewpoint of theories of economic geography is quite necessary to either the cognition of western regions or the development of economic geography. The theories of economic geography have had a significant effect on regional development in China, including the spatial organization theory, the industrial development theory and the instructive theory. As the theoretical bases of the three economic zones construction, "T-shaped" mode of territorial development strategy, areal division and cooperation and so on, the spatial organization theories, including economic locational theory, spatial structure theory, economic regionalization and territorial production complex theory, played an important role in regional development distribution of China. Industrial development theory introduced from economics opens out the rule of regional industrial development, of which the theories of industrial structure elevation and regional trade are of directive significance to the adjustment of industrial structure and exertion of regional comparative advantage. The theory of PRED system harmonious development and the thought of sustainable development brought the complete transformation of regional analysis conception. For the gap of regional development level due to the difference of industrial structure, regional division of industry frequently leads to the economic interest expanse from undeveloped to developed region. It turned out that the western construction didnt promote the improvement of peoples standard of living synchronously with the regional development and cannot overcome the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection. And also, the application of economic theories above-mentioned encounters different obstacles. The paper lays stress on the enforcement of sustainable development strategy in western development, to which there are three premises: calculation of environmental protection and income of western regions from it, materialization of resource product value and reasonable economic benefit of human resource protection. The objective of western development should take inhabitant enrichment for the core, improvement of local people's income level for the keystone, narrowing of social development gap between the west and the east for the instructive thought of gradient devotion of the government, and also strengthen environmental construction and human resources development to build up the sustainable development capacity of western regions. To construct regional characteristic economy and implement unbalanced development strategy are feasible ways to the adjustment of industrial structure and regional economic development. Characteristic economy mainly includes characteristic agriculture (herding, fruits and so on), light industry (medicine and foodstuff), tertiary industry (tourism industry) as well as high-tech industry. A reasonable spatial structure should be based on the development mode of point-axis system.