两端并圈多股弹簧的冲击响应研究

针对实际工作中的多股簧是两端并圈，且主要用作往复运动中的复进簧来承受冲击载荷的问题，推导了两端并圈多股簧的中心线数学模型，通过CATIA软件生成了两端并圈多股簧的三维几何模型，进一步建立了两端并圈多股簧的有限元冲击模型并利用ABAQUS软件进行冲击响应计算。计算结果表明：多股簧受冲击载荷时，使各簧圈产生振动，弹簧上各质点的运动以纵波的形式向固定端传递，并会在固定端和受力端反射，因此弹簧上各质点的位移和速度不再沿轴向呈线性分布；受力端变形大，固定端基本没有变形，当冲击载荷超过极限值时，就会使多股簧的簧圈产生压并现象；实际设计多股簧时，必须进行冲击响应分析，合理选择多股簧的刚度，避免压并现象的发生。

Impact response of stranded wires helical springs with closed ends

Stranded wires helical springs of closed ends in practical work are used as return springs to bear the impact load. Based on the problem, the centre line mathematical model of stranded wires helical springs of closed ends was presented at first. Taking use of the software CATIA and ABAQUS, the three dimensional geometrical model and the FEM impact model of a stranded wires helical spring of closed ends were set up respectively according to the centre line mathematical model to calculate the impact response. The results show that when stranded wires helical springs are impacted, every spring coil will vibrate, and the movement of every spring mass point will transmit to the fixed end in the form of longitudinal wave and reflect in both fixed end and active end. The relationship between displacement and axial length of every spring mass point is non-linear, the same to that of velocity and axial length. There is large deformation in the active end, on the contrary, little deformation in the fixed end. Some spring coils will be pressed together when the impact load exceeds the limiting value. In practical design work of stranded wires helical springs, in order to select the reasonable stiffness and to avoid the phenomenon of being pressed together of some spring coils, it is necessary to analyze the impact response.