2019—2021年浙江省嘉兴市大气颗粒物与呼吸系统疾病门诊量关系的时间序列分析

【目的】探讨浙江省嘉兴市大气颗粒物(PM)与呼吸系统疾病门诊量的关系。【方法】收集嘉兴市2019—2021年逐日大气污染物、气象和呼吸系统疾病门诊量资料。采用广义相加模型(GAM)，控制长期趋势、星期几效应、节假日效应和气象因素等混杂因素，分析PM含量与呼吸系统疾病门诊量的关系及滞后效应。【结果】PM_2.5、PM₁₀、臭氧(O₃)和二氧化氮(NO₂)存在日均浓度超标情况，超标天数占比分别为3.4%、1.3%、11.0%和0.8%。PM_2.5每增加10μg·m^-3，呼吸系统疾病门诊总量、成人和儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量效应值均在lag07时达到最大，超额风险ER(95%CI)分别为2.29%(1.35%～3.24%)、2.31%(1.39%～3.23%)和2.65%(1.36%～3.96%);PM₁₀每升高10μg·m^-3，呼吸系统疾病门诊总量、成人和儿童门诊量效应值分别在lag07、lag06、lag07时达到最大，...

Association between atmospheric particulate matters and outpatient visits for respiratory disorders in Jiaxing City of Zhejiang Province from 2019 to 2021: a time series analysis

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of exposure to atmospheric particulate matters on the outpatient visits of respiratory disorders in Jiaxing City，Zhejiang Province.MethodsDaily air pollutant monitoring data，meteorological data and outpatient visits of respiratory disorders in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2021 were collected．A generalized additive model was applied to evaluate the effect and laggeel effect of the concentrations of atmospheric particulates for outpatient visits of respiratory disorders after adjusting for secular trend， day-of-the-week effect， holiday effect， and meteorological variables.ResultsThe daily average concentrations of PM_2.5， PM₁₀， O₃ and NO₂ exceeded the standard， and the proportion of days exceeding the standard was 3.4%， 1.3%， 11.0% and 0.8%， respectively. Every 10 μg·m-3 increase in PM_2.5 concentration showed the strongest effects on the daily outpatient visits of respiratory disorders， adult and childhood respiratory disorders all on lag07 with ER（95%CI） being 2.29%（1.35%?3.24%）， 2.31% （1.39%?3.23%） and 2.65 % （1.36%?3.96%）， respectively. The maximum ER of outpatient visits for respiratory disorders in children was higher than that in adults. Every 10 μg·m-3 increase in PM₁₀ concentration showed the strongest effects on the daily outpatient visits of respiratory disorders on lag07， adult respiratory disorders on lag06 and childhood respiratory disorders on lag07 with ER（95%CI） being 1.42% （0.87%?1.96%）， 1.49%（0.99%?1.99%） and 1.61% （0.87%?2.36%）， respectively. The results of double-pollutant model showed that the effect of atmospheric particulate reduced after O₃ was introduced into the model.ConclusionThere are a short-term effect and a laggeel effect of atmospheric particulate on the outpatient visits of respiratory disorders. It is necessary to strengthen the health protection of the respiratory system of the population， especially the children.