天津市老年离退休干部及高级知识分子患病情况调查

目的 调查天津市老年离退休干部及高级知识分子慢性疾病的患病率。方法 选择天津市2006年4月～6月在我院参加健康体检的离退休干部和各高等院校的知识分子共1959人作为调企人群，年龄≥60岁者。所有体检者均详细询问病史并接受内科、外科、神经科、五官科、泌尿科或妇科柃查，同时要进行身高、体重、血压的测定，以及实验室（包括餐后2h指血血糖）、腹部B超、心电图、胸部X线检查。结果 肥胖患病率为58．7％；高血压占49．9％；高脂血症48．7％；冠心病45．4％；高血糖（包括糖尿病）40．3％；前列腺肥大54．6％；白内障52．7％；脂肪肝45．8％；高尿酸血症17．4％；胆石症14．6％；慢性支气管炎13．7％；肺气肿占7．8％；哮喘占5．0％；脑血栓6．9％；脑出血4．3％；溃疡病占4．3％；慢性胃炎占8．6％；恶性肿瘤0．82％。。其中同时患2种和2种以上疾病者占74．84％，患1种疾病者占15．72％，健康者占9．44％，表明90．56％的老人均患有1种以上的慢性疾病。结论 老年离退休干部和高级知识分子慢性病的患病率较高，因此应早期予以干预，以减少慢性病的发生和恶化，提高他们的生活质量。

Investigation of disease prevalence among elderly retired cadres and intellectuals in Tianjin

Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases among elderly retired cadres and senior intellectuals in Tianjin. Methods 1 959 （age ≥ 60） retired cadres and intellectuals from universities and colleges who received medical examination in our hospital from April to June 2006 were studied. All subjects were inquired about the medical history in detail, and then received medical, surgical, neurological, E. N. T., urological or gynecological examinations in addition to height, weight and blood pressure measurement and laboratory evaluations including 2h postprandial digital blood glucose, abdominal ultrasound, electrocardiography and chest X-ray. Results The prevalence of disease was 58.7% for obesity, 49.9% for hypertension, 48.7% for hyperlipemia, 45.4% for coronary heart disease, 40.3% for hyperglycemia （including diabetes）, 54.6% for prostate hyperplasia, 52.7% for cataract, 45.8% for fatty liver, 17.4 for hyperuricacidemia, 14.6% for cholelithiasis, 7.8% for emphysema, 5.0% for asthma, 6.9% for cerebral thrombosis, 4.3 % for cerebral hemorrhage, 4.3 % for peptic ulcer, 8.6% for chronic gastritis, and 0.82% for malignant tumors. 74.84% persons suffered from two or more than 2 diseases; 15.72%persons suffered from one disease, and 9.44% persons were considered healthy. These results showed that 90.56% elderly persons suffered from at least one chronic disease. Conclusions The results of the present study showed that the incidence of chronic diseases was high in the populations we investigated, and it is therefore necessary to take intervention measure to prevent these chronic diseases from developing and progressing so as to improve the quality of life of these populations.