Cell-protection mechanism through autophagy in HGFs/<Emphasis Type="Italic">S. mitis</Emphasis> co-culture treated with Chitlac-nAg |
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Authors: | Marialucia Gallorini Viviana di Giacomo Valentina Di Valerio Monica Rapino Domenico Bosco Andrea Travan Mara Di Giulio Roberta Di Pietro Sergio Paoletti Amelia Cataldi Silvia Sancilio |
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Affiliation: | 1.Department of Pharmacy,“G. d’Annunzio” University,Chieti-Pescara,Italy;2.Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology,University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg,Regensburg,Germany;3.Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences,“G. d’Annunzio” University,Chieti-Pescara,Italy;4.Genetic Molecular Institute of CNR, Unit of Chieti,“G. d’Annunzio” University,Chieti-Pescara,Italy;5.Department of Life Sciences,University of Trieste,Trieste,Italy |
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Abstract: | Silver-based products have been proven to be effective in retarding and preventing bacterial growth since ancient times. In the field of restorative dentistry, the use of silver ions/nanoparticles has been explored to counteract bacterial infections, as silver can destroy bacterial cell walls by reacting with membrane proteins. However, it is also cytotoxic towards eukaryotic cells, which are capable of internalizing nanoparticles. In this work, we investigated the biological effects of Chitlac-nAg, a colloidal system based on a modified chitosan (Chitlac), administered for 24–48?h to a co-culture of primary human gingival fibroblasts and Streptococcus mitis in the presence of saliva, developed to mimic the microenvironment of the oral cavity. We sought to determine its efficiency to combat oral hygiene-related diseases without affecting eukaryotic cells. Cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species production, apoptosis induction, nanoparticles uptake, and lysosome and autophagosome metabolism were evaluated. In vitro results show that Chitlac-nAg does not exert cytotoxic effects on human gingival fibroblasts, which seem to survive through a homoeostasis mechanism involving autophagy. That suggests that the novel biomaterial Chitlac-nAg could be a promising tool in the field of dentistry. |
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