纤维增强树脂基复合材料防弹性能影响因素及破坏机制

以超高分子量聚乙烯(Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene,UHMWPE)纤维、S-玻璃纤维、芳纶1414纤维和杂环芳纶纤维增强聚烯烃(Polyolefin,PO)和水性聚氨酯(Waterborne Polyurethane,WPU)树脂,采用热压工艺制备正交单向无纬(UD)结构复合材料装甲板;通过装甲板弹道极限速度测试,研究了纤维增强树脂基复合材料装甲板防弹性能的影响因素;通过体视显微镜观察装甲板侵彻破坏形貌,分析了纤维增强树脂基复合材料的破坏机制。结果表明:UHMWPE纤维增强PO树脂基复合材料的防弹性能与UHMWPE纤维的强度和模量呈正相关,但纤维模量对复合材料防弹性能的影响随着纤维模量的增大而逐渐变弱;在WPU树脂体系下,四种纤维的防弹性能由高到低依次是UHMWPE纤维、杂环芳纶纤维、芳纶1414纤维、S-玻璃纤维;纤维增强树脂基复合材料装甲板中纤维破坏方式有迎弹面纤维被剪切冲塞、中部被纤维拉伸变形后剪切、背弹面纤维被拉伸断裂,中部纤维拉伸变形是消耗子弹动能的主要方式。

Influence factors on ballistic performance and failure mechanism of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite

The armor plates manufactured by pressing curing process which using UHMWPE fiber,S-glass fiber, Aramid 1414 fiber or Heterocyclic aramid fiber as reinforcement and thermoplastic resin (PO or WPU)as matrix were experimentally investigated in this paper.The effects on the ballistic performance were also investigated utili-zing a series of ballistic limit velocity tests.The fractured morphologies of the armor plates were observed by ste-reomicroscopy.Finally,the damage mechanisms of fiber reinforced polymer composites were analyzed.It is shown from the results that there is a positive correlation between the ballistic performance of UHMWPE reinforced PO resin matrix composite armor plate and the stress and modulus of UHMWPE fiber.However,the influences of fiber modulus on the ballistic performance are gradually decreased with the increase of the fiber modulus.For WPU resin matrix,the ballistic performances of the four kinds of fiber from high to low are UHMWPE fiber,Heterocyclic aramid fiber,Aramid 1414 fiber and S-glass fiber.The fiber fractured morphologies of fiber reinforced polymer ar-mor plates are fiber shear and plugging on front surface,fiber tensile deformation and cut in middle and fiber tensile fracture on rear surface.The main middle fiber tensile deformation is the main fracture mode.