老年人药源性跌倒风险研究与干预进展

跌倒是老年人因伤害致死的首要原因, 导致老年人高跌倒风险的因素众多且复杂, 增加跌倒风险的药物(fall-risk increasing drugs, FRIDs)是重要的危险因素之一。FRIDs主要包括作用于中枢神经系统的药物、导致低钠血症和低血糖的药物、易导致晕厥的药物以及多重用药。目前, 跌倒风险评估工具与干预措施多关注于非药物管理, 针对药源性跌倒风险的评估与管理缺乏针对性。基于FRIDs的药师干预和计算机辅助决策系统的预警与管理有助于降低老年人的跌倒风险, 提高老年人的健康水平和生活质量, 减少跌倒所带来的伤害。

Advances in research and interventions for drug induced fall risk in the elderly

Falls is the leading cause of death of the elderly due to injury. There are multitudinous and complex factors leading to the high risk of falls in the elderly, and the fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) are one of the important risk factors for falls. FRIDs mainly include drugs that affect the regulation of the central nervous system, drugs that cause hyponatremia and hypoglycemia, drugs that are prone to syncope, and polypharmacy. At present, the tools and interventions of fall risk assessment mostly focus on non-drug-related management, and the evaluation and management of drug-induced fall risk are lack of pertinence. The intervention of pharmacists and the early warning and management of computer-aided decision system based on FRIDs can help reduce the risk of falls, thus improving the health level and quality of life of the elderly and reducing the injury caused by falls.