高性能软磁合金的研究进展EI北大核心CSCD

软磁材料是一种极为重要且应用十分广泛的能源材料,近年来,随着磁性元件的日益高频化和小型化,以及节能环保的号召,开发和研究高性能软磁材料具有重要意义。本工作概述了软磁合金的发展历史,重点归纳出各类软磁合金(包括传统软磁合金、非晶/纳米晶软磁合金、高熵软磁合金)的成分、微观组织、磁性能以及应用范围,并总结出不同软磁合金的优、缺点;指出典型合金的微观组织对合金软磁性能(尤其矫顽力)具有关键性的主导作用,进而探讨了影响软磁合金矫顽力的因素及其微观机制,发现控制晶粒尺寸(或纳米粒子尺寸)是获得低矫顽力的关键,并描述了矫顽力的微观影响机制在高熵软磁合金中的发展;最后,展望了高熵软磁合金因多主元混合的成分特性带来的组织多样化,更有利于实现对合金性能的调控,并有望作为新一代高温软磁体材料。

Research progress in high-performance soft magnetic alloys

Soft magnetic materials have been widely applied in modern industries as energy materials. In recent years, with the increasingly high frequency and miniaturization of magnetic components, as well as the call of energy conservation and environmental protection, the development and research of high-performance soft magnetic material are of great important significance. The present work generalized the development history of soft magnetic alloys comprehensively, from the viewpoints of chemical compositions, microstructures, magnetic properties, application fields, and advantages and disadvantages of different soft magnetic alloys. The involved alloy systems include primarily traditional crystalline alloys, amorphous/nanocrystalline alloys, and high entropy alloys. It is found that the microstructure induced by alloy compositions plays a dominant role in soft magnetic property, especially the coercivity. Then the influence factors on the coercivity of alloys and the related micro-mechanisms were discussed, in which the grain size in traditional alloys or particle size in nano-crystalline alloys is crucial to achieve lower coercivity. Therefore, the development of the micro-mechanisms of coercivity in high entropy soft magnetic alloys was described. Finally, it was expected that high entropy soft magnetic alloys would be more beneficial to modulate alloy properties due to the diversification of microstructures induced by the mixing of multi-principal elements, which shows great potential to serve as a new generation of high temperature soft magnet materials.