松江区消费环节大米重金属污染状况及安全评价

目的 了解松江区消费环节大米中铅、镉、无机砷和总汞等重金属污染状况及摄入风险, 掌握本地区大米质量安全情况。方法 采集松江区消费环节大米样品344个, 测定铅、镉、无机砷和总汞含量, 采用单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数对大米中重金属污染程度进行评价, 并用可耐受摄入量对膳食风险进行初步评估。结果 大米中无机砷、铅、镉、和总汞的含量均符合食品安全国家标准, 平均含量分别为0.054、0.032、0.018和0.0023 mg/kg; 在344件样品中, 97%以上的单因子污染指数小于0.6, 综合评价为安全、处于清洁水平的样品占99.4%, 没有轻度污染以上的样品存在; 通过大米摄入铅、镉、无机砷和总汞的量远远低于可耐受摄入量, 但无机砷、镉在高暴露点位的膳食风险贡献率大于10%。结论 松江区消费环节大米重金属的污染情况比较乐观, 对人体健康的风险处于较低水平, 重金属安全情况总体可控。

Contamination status and safety assessment of heavy metals in rice consumed in Songjiang district

Objective To understand pollution levels and ingestion risks of Pb, Cd, inorganic As and Hg in rice consumed in Songjiang district, and then to master the quality and safety of rice in the region. Methods Total of 344 samples in Songjiang district were collected and the content of Pb, Cd, inorganic As and Hg was determined. The pollution of heavy metals in rice was evaluated by single factor pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index, and the dietary risk was preliminarily assessed by tolerable intake. Results The content of Pb, Cd, inorganic As and Hg in rice met the national food safety standards, and the average content was 0.054, 0.032, 0.019 and 0.0023 mg/kg, respectively. In 344 samples, 97% of the single factor pollution index was less than 0.6, and 99.4% of the samples were comprehensively evaluated as safe and clean, without slight pollution or above. The amount of Pb, Cd, inorganic As and Hg ingested from rice is much lower than the tolerable intake, but the contribution rate of inorganic As and Cd to the dietary risk at high exposure level is more than 10%. Conclusion The pollution situation of heavy metals in rice consumed in Songjiang district is optimistic, and the risk to human health is at a lower level. In general, the safety situation of heavy metals can be controlled.