随钻地震技术的理论及工程应用

随钻地震是地震技术和钻井技术的结合.随钻地震的主要功能有:指示正钻钻头的工作位置;识别地层、岩性、断层、裂缝带;可以预测钻头前方的地层和地层孔隙异常压力等.它的主要用途为:在探井中可以及时发现油气层,提高探井成功率;为井身轨迹提供地质导向依据,使井身轨迹准确“入窗上靶”.随钻地震获取的信息是油藏未被污染的原始参数,这对制定保护油气层和油藏描述等工作具有重要价值.随钻地震不需要专门的井下仪器,只需在钻杆的顶部安装传感器和在井场附近的地表埋置常规检波器,就可进行随钻测量和现场实时处理,在井场就可以得到钻井决策的地震资料.随钻地震技术可以降低钻井成本,提高勘探开发综合经济效益.

THE ENGINEERING APPLICATION AND THEORY OF SEISMIC WHILE DRILLING

Seismic While Drilling(SWD)is a drilling technique integrated with seismic technique.The main advantages and application of SWD are summarized.By SWD,the drilling bit can be positioned accurately,the drilled formation,lithologic characteristics,faults and fracture zone can be identified,the formation ahead of bit and abnormal formation pressure can be predicted.SWD can be used in well drilling trajectory control and can also be used in exploration wells to discover oil reservoir and protect oil reser vior from damage.Without any downhole instrument,the system of SWD is equipped with a sensor on the top of the drillstring and reservers on earth surface.Seismic data are processed and utilized at the well site for real time drilling decision.SWD will significantly reduce drilling cost,and increase economic benefits of exploration and exploitation.