进气系统微穿孔管消声器设计与优化

针对某车型进气系统在高转速时的宽频带进气噪声问题,提出了一种多腔微穿孔管消声器结构。根据传递矩阵法,建立了有流条件下多腔微穿孔管消声器传递损失计算模型;针对研究车型进气口噪声的频谱特性,采用多种群遗传算法对多腔微穿孔管消声器的结构参数进行优化设计,通过阻抗管台架和实车测试验证了消声器消声效果。结果表明,优化的多腔微穿孔管消声器能够有效拓宽降噪频带,消声器传递损失预测结果与实验测试结果一致,验证了所提出的传递损失计算模型的准确性及优化算法的有效性;在实车进气系统中采用该微穿孔管消声器后,进气噪声在600~1800 Hz中高宽频段以及200~400 Hz低频段均有明显降低,证实了所提出的多腔微穿孔管消声器的实际宽频消声特性。

Design and optimization of micro-perforated tube muffler in intake system

A multi-cavity micro-perforated pipe muffler structure is proposed to solve the wide-band air intake noise problem for a vehicle air intake system at high speeds. Based on the transfer matrix method, a transmission loss calculation model for a multi-cavity micro-perforated tube muffler under flow condition is established. In order to study the spectral characteristics of the air intake noise of vehicle, a multi-group genetic algorithm is used to optimize the structural parameters of the multi-cavity micro-perforated tube muffler, and the muffling effect of the optimized muffler design is verified by the tests of impedance tube bench and actual vehicle. The results show that the optimized multi-cavity micro-perforated tube muffler can effectively widen the noise reduction band, and the prediction result of the transmission loss of the muffler is consistent with the test result, which verifies the accuracy of the proposed transmission loss calculation model and the effectiveness of the optimization algorithm. After the micro-perforated pipe muffler is used in the air intake system of the vehicle, the intake noise is significantly reduced in the mid-high frequency band of 600-1 800 Hz and the low frequency band of 200- 400 Hz, so the actual wideband muffling performance of the proposed multi-cavity micro-perforated pipe muffler is confirmed.