不同运动素质青少年体格发育水平比较

目的了解高运动素质和低运动素质青少年的身体发育特点,为制定相应的干预措施提供依据。方法凡速度、爆发力、肌耐力、耐力跑和身体柔韧性均高于同性别、同年龄组均值为高运动素质,均低于同性别、同年龄组均值为低运动素质。对7~18岁高运动素质和低运动素质青少年进行筛检,比较高运动素质和低运动素质组青少年的身体发育水平。结果高运动素质青少年检出率男生为10.76%,女生为12.59%;低运动素质检出率男生为10.48%,女生为6.40%。高运动素质青少年体重、胸围、BMI显著低于低运动素质组,肺活量/体重指数显著高于低运动素质组;低运动素质组肥胖和超重检出率显著高于高运动素质组。结论高运动素质和低运动素质青少年的身体发育水平存在明显差别,肥胖和超重是造成运动素质下降的重要原因。

Physical Development of Adolescents With Different Motor Constitution

Objective To analyze the development characteristics of adolescents with high motor constitution and low constitution,and to provide bases for making appropriate intervention measures.Methods The adolescents whose velocity,explosive force,muscular strength,endurance and flexibility were all better than the average level of the same gender and age were determined as high motor constitution group,and the ones whose indices worse than the normal were determined as the low motor constitution group.The development of adolescents(aged 7-18) were compared between the two groups.Results The ratio of high motor constitution was 10.76% for boys and 12.59% for girls,but the ratio of low motor constitution was 10.48% for boys and 6.40% for girls.The body weight chest circumference and body mass index of adolescents with high motor constitution were significantly lower than those with low motor constitution,and vital capacity for body weight was significantly higher than those with low motor constitution.The prevalence rate of obesity and overweight in low motor constitution group were significantly higher than in high motor constitution group.Conclusion Significantly differences of development are found between the low motor constitution group and high motor constitution group.Obesity and overweight are the main reasons for decrease of motor constitution.