广东省疟疾传播媒介的地理分布、生态习性和传疟作用

目的　研究广东省疟疾传播媒介的地理分布、生态习性和传疟作用。　方法　采用按蚊密度调查方法和生态习性调查方法在广东疟疾流行区进行传疟媒介普查。　结果　广东有 12个县 (市 )发现嗜人按蚊 ,嗜吸人血 ,兼吸牛血 ;9～10月份为密度高峰 ,与疟疾发病高峰相一致。全省绝大多数县发现中华按蚊、微小按蚊和日月潭按蚊的分布 ,三者均主吸牛血 ,兼吸人血。子孢子自然感染率嗜人按蚊为 0 .35 %～ 0 .5 4 %,中华按蚊为 0 .15 %～ 0 .93%,微小按蚊为 0 .2 3%～5 .94 %,日月潭按蚊为 0 .0 5 %。　结论　在广东确认自然界有传疟作用的有嗜人按蚊、中华按蚊、微小按蚊和日月潭按蚊 ,其中嗜人按蚊和微小按蚊是当前广东省疟疾流行的重要媒介 ,中华按蚊是疟疾传播中起次要作用的媒介

INVESTIGATION ON DISTRIBUTION, ECOLOGICAL FEATURE AND MALARIA TRANSMISSION EFFECT OF ANOPHELES IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE

Objective To investigate the distribution, ecological feature and malaria transmission effect of Anopheles in Guangdong Province. Methods The investigation methods of mosquito vector and ecological feature were conducted in malaria epidemic regions in Guangdong Province. Results Anopheles anthropophagus was found in 12 Cities and Counties in Guangdong. It fed mainly on human and on cattle sometimes. The peak season of An. anthropophagus in nature was from September to October each year, which was in accordance with the malaria peak incidence. An. sinensis, An. minimus and An. cndoidiensis were found in most Cities and Counties in Guangdong respectively. They mainly fed on cattle and on human sometimes. The positive sporozoite with four species of Anopheles had been found widely. The positive sporozoite rate were by 0.35%-0.54% for An. anthropophagus , by 0.15%-0.93% for An. sinensis , 0.23%-5.94% for An. minimus and 0.05% for An. candidiensis respectively. Conclusion An. anthropophagus, An. sinensis, An. minimus and An. candidiensis were the malaria transmission vectors in Guangdong Province, but An. anthropophagus and An. minimus were the chief malarial vector in malaria epidemic regions, An. sinensis and An. candidiensis were the secondary vectors in malaria epidemic regions.