河阴石榴的采后保鲜技术

研究贮藏温度、化学杀菌剂处理和涂膜对河阴石榴果皮褐变、质量损失率、腐烂及籽粒品质等指标的影响。结果表明，在120 d的贮藏期内，4.5 ℃会引起河阴石榴果实冷害，果皮褐变严重、腐烂率增大。1%壳聚糖涂膜处理降低果实的腐烂率、褐变指数和质量损失率的效果优于1%海藻酸钠和1%羧甲基纤维素钠涂膜。噻菌灵、甲基托布津和多菌灵1 000 倍稀释液浸果60 s可以显著降低果实腐烂率，3 种化学杀菌剂处理之间无显著差异。以42%噻菌灵悬浮剂1 000 倍液浸果，而后以1%壳聚糖溶液涂膜，用0.015 mm聚乙烯保鲜袋单果包装后放入6 ℃条件下贮藏120 d，河阴石榴的腐烂率为3.46%，质量损失率为2.13%，褐变指数为0.11，可溶性固形物含量为14.5%，籽粒品质评分为92，具有较高的商品价值。

Quality Preservation of Postharvest ‘Heyin’ Pomegranate

Effects of storage temperature, chemical fungicides and coating treatment on peel browning, weight loss,
decay incidence and seed quality indexes of ‘Heyin’ pomegranate were studied. The results showed that chilling injury
of pomegranate fruit appeared at 4.5 ℃, peel browning was more serious and decay incidence was higher during 120-d
storage. Effects of coating treatment with 1% chitosan on reducing peel browning index, weight loss, and decay incidence
were better than those of 1% sodium alginate and 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The decay incidence of pomegranate
fruits was reduced after dipping for 60 s in 1 000-fold diluted thiabendazole, thiophanate methyl and arbendazim, with no
significant differences in decay incidence seen among the three fungicides. Dipping in 1 000-fold diluted thiabendazole for
1 min, coating treatment with 1% chitosan and packaging with 0.015-mm thick plastic bags were found to be optimal for
the preservation of pomegranate quality during storage at 6 ℃ and a relative humidity of 85%. After 120 days of storage,
weight loss rate, peel browning index, soluble solids content and seed quality score were 3.46%, 2.13%, 0.11, 14.5% and 92,
respectively, implying high commodity value of pomegranate.